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Teosofia

Alice A. Bailey

1880 – 1949Persona storicamente documentata

Alice A. Bailey (1880–1949), scrittrice esoterica britannica stabilitasi negli Stati Uniti, firmò ventiquattro libri che formano uno dei corpus più influenti della teosofia successiva a Blavatsky. Diciannove li presentò come dettati telepatici di un maestro che chiamò «il Tibetano» (più tardi Djwhal Khul); cinque come opera propria. Con il marito, Foster Bailey, fondò Lucis Trust e la Scuola Arcana, diffuse la Grande Invocazione e rese popolare l'espressione «Nuova Era». La sua eredità è tanto vasta quanto discussa.

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Alice A. Bailey en la década de 1940

Alice A. Bailey en la década de 1940 · Public domain

Con le sue parole

«From the point of Light within the Mind of God / Let light stream forth into the minds of men.»

La Gran Invocación (versión de 1945), en The Reappearance of the Christ, páginas preliminares

La sua idea centrale

Bailey distinguishes automatic writing, which she considers dangerous because it requires passivity, from the conscious telepathy she claimed to practise: positive attention, full control of the senses and faithful transcription, correcting only the English.

Biografia

5 min di lettura

Traduzione assistita dall'originale spagnolo, in attesa di revisione da parte di un traduttore madrelingua.

Una bambina della grande borghesia vittoriana

Alice La Trobe-Bateman nacque a Manchester il 16 giugno 1880, in una famiglia di ingegneri. Il nonno, John Frederic La Trobe-Bateman, era uno dei grandi costruttori di dighe e acquedotti dell'Inghilterra industriale; il padre, Frederic Foster La Trobe-Bateman, lavorava per l'impresa di famiglia e portò la bambina, di pochi mesi, a Montréal, dove partecipò ai lavori del ponte Victoria sul San Lorenzo. Tutto ciò che sappiamo di quegli anni proviene da un'unica testimonianza: l'Autobiografia incompiuta che lei stessa redasse tra il 1945 e il 1948 e che il vedovo pubblicò nel 1951. È una fonte preziosa e, al tempo stesso, interessata, scritta da una donna che leggeva la propria vita alla luce della missione che credeva di aver ricevuto.

In quel racconto l'infanzia appare circondata dal lusso e da una tristezza persistente. La madre morì a ventinove anni, quando Alice ne aveva sei; il padre, malato, morì poco dopo durante un viaggio per mare verso la Tasmania. Le due sorelle crebbero con i nonni a Moor Park (Surrey) e, dopo la morte del nonno, tra istitutrici e lunghi soggiorni a Castramont, la casa scozzese di una zia, Margaret Maxwell. L'autrice non nasconde ciò che molti biografi avrebbero taciuto: prima dei quindici anni, dice, tentò tre volte di togliersi la vita.

Il visitatore con il turbante

L'episodio che dà ordine a tutta la sua autobiografia avvenne domenica 30 giugno 1895, a Castramont. Sola nel salotto mentre la famiglia era in chiesa, vide entrare — secondo il suo racconto — un uomo alto, vestito all'europea e con un turbante in capo, che le annunciò che c'era un lavoro previsto per lei nel mondo se fosse riuscita a dominare il proprio carattere. Anni dopo, nella sala dei ritratti della sezione esoterica della Società Teosofica, a Krotona, credette di riconoscerlo nell'immagine del maestro Koot Hoomi. Nessun altro testimone conferma la scena; è, in senso stretto, una testimonianza personale.

Evangelista, moglie, operaia

La giovane anglicana trovò dapprima la sua vocazione nell'evangelizzazione. Lavorò nelle case del soldato che Elise Sandes dirigeva in Irlanda e poi nell'India britannica, dove aprì centri a Umballa e a Ranikhet. Lì conobbe Walter Evans, un soldato che aspirava al sacerdozio; si sposarono in Gran Bretagna intorno al 1907 e si trasferirono a Cincinnati, dove lui studiò al seminario teologico di Lane prima di essere ordinato nella Chiesa episcopale. Il matrimonio, raccontato da lei con durezza, fu una sequela di stenti e violenze. Nacquero tre figlie — Dorothy, Mildred ed Ellison — e nel 1915, ormai a Pacific Grove (California), la coppia si separò. Per mantenere le bambine, la nipote dell'ingegnere di Manchester lavorò in un conservificio di sardine.

Teosofia e rottura

A Pacific Grove due donne inglesi la condussero alla loggia teosofica locale. La lettura della Dottrina segreta di Blavatsky scalzò la Bibbia dal suo comodino e verso il 1917-1918 si stabilì a Krotona, la sede californiana della Società Teosofica, dove diresse la caffetteria, entrò nella sezione esoterica e arrivò a curare la rivista The Messenger. Nel gennaio 1919 conobbe Foster Bailey, nominato quello stesso anno segretario nazionale; ottenuto il divorzio, si sposarono nel 1921.

La coppia guidò una corrente critica verso la direzione di Adyar e verso l'influenza della sezione esoterica sulla società, in piena controversia sulle profezie di Annie Besant riguardo a Krishnamurti. La convention di Chicago del 1920 si concluse con la rimozione di entrambi dai loro incarichi. Gli storici — Bruce F. Campbell, Olav Hammer — aggiungono un motivo di fondo: la diffidenza di Besant verso le comunicazioni che Alice diceva di ricevere.

La voce del Tibetano

Nel novembre 1919, seduta su una collina vicino alla sua casa di Hollywood, Bailey udì, a suo dire, una nota musicale e una voce che le chiedeva di scrivere libri per il pubblico. Rifiutò; la voce tornò tre settimane dopo e lei accettò di provare. Nacquero così i primi capitoli di Iniziazione umana e solare (1922). Per trent'anni scrisse sotto dettatura — insistendo sempre che non si trattava di scrittura automatica, bensì di telepatia cosciente — diciannove volumi attribuiti al «Tibetano», che finì per identificare con Djwhal Khul, un maestro della tradizione teosofica. Cinque libri li firmò come propri. La paternità è dunque la questione centrale della sua opera: i lettori teosofici la accolgono come trasmissione; gli storici la trattano come una produzione letteraria di Bailey che assume la forma della rivelazione. Lei stessa riferisce, con ironia, che Jung avrebbe visto nel Tibetano la personificazione del suo sé superiore.

Lucis Trust e la Scuola Arcana

Stabilitisi a New York, i Bailey fondarono nel 1922 la casa editrice che avrebbe pubblicato tutta la sua opera — dapprima Lucifer Publishing Company, nome che allude alla luce e che presto mutarono in Lucis — e nell'aprile 1923 la Scuola Arcana, una formazione per corrispondenza alla meditazione e al servizio che non richiedeva giuramenti di obbedienza. Attorno a essa crebbero la rivista The Beacon, World Goodwill (con un esplicito sostegno alle Nazioni Unite) e la rete dei Triangoli, gruppi di tre persone che meditano ogni giorno. Nel 1937 apparve una prima strofa della Grande Invocazione e nel 1945 la versione che oggi circola in decine di lingue.

Dottrina, influenza e controversia

Il suo sistema rielabora la teosofia di Blavatsky e di Leadbeater: una gerarchia di maestri che guida l'evoluzione, sette raggi di energia che qualificano persone e nazioni, un'astrologia e una guarigione «esoteriche», e l'attesa di una riapparizione del Cristo che fonderebbe una religione universale. Il suo uso insistente dell'espressione «Nuova Era» spiega perché molti studiosi la annoverino tra i precursori del movimento omonimo, attraverso Findhorn e altri gruppi.

La controversia fa parte dell'eredità e va registrata senza attenuarla. Testi come L'educazione nella Nuova Era e Il destino delle nazioni contengono una teoria delle razze spirituali e passi sull'ebraismo che autori come Yonassan Gershom, Hannah Newman e Victor Shnirelman hanno definito antisemiti o razzisti. Lucis Trust sostiene che quelle letture estrapolano dal contesto un linguaggio evolutivo e simbolico; il lettore troverà entrambi gli argomenti.

Fine

Malata di cuore e di sangue, dal 1946 Bailey rifiutò di considerarsi invalida e continuò a dettare lettere dall'ospedale. Morì a New York il 15 dicembre 1949. La sua autobiografia rimase interrotta; I raggi e le iniziazioni, ultimo volume del Trattato dei sette raggi, fu pubblicato nel 1960. Lucis Trust detiene i diritti e mantiene i suoi libri disponibili in rete e tradotti in numerose lingue.

Fonti: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust). · Campbell, Bruce F. Ancient Wisdom Revived: A History of the Theosophical Movement. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. · Hammer, Olav. Claiming Knowledge: Strategies of Epistemology from Theosophy to the New Age. Leiden: Brill, 2001. · Sutcliffe, Steven J. Children of the New Age: A History of Spiritual Practices. Londres: Routledge, 2003. · Bailey, Alice A. The Reappearance of the Christ. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1948 (texto de la Gran Invocación en las páginas preliminares).

Cronologia

La vita, anno per anno

Ogni punto è un evento documentato. Fai clic per leggerlo, con la sua fonte e il suo grado di certezza.

  1. 16 giugno 1880 · 0 anni

    Born in Manchester

    Alice La Trobe-Bateman is born, daughter of the engineer Frederic Foster La Trobe-Bateman and Alice Hollinshead, granddaughter of the waterworks builder John Frederic La Trobe-Bateman.

    Documentato

  2. ca. 1886 · 6 anni

    Death of her mother

    Her mother dies at twenty-nine, when Alice is six; soon after, her father dies on a voyage to Tasmania and the girls are left with their grandparents at Moor Park, Surrey.

    Documentato

  3. 30 giugno 1895 · 15 anni

    The visitor in the turban

    According to her autobiography, a stranger in a turban visits her at her aunt's house and announces a future task. She later identifies him with the Master Koot Hoomi. It is uncorroborated personal testimony.

    Discusso

  4. ca. 1900 – 1906

    Evangelist in the Soldiers' Homes

    She works with Elise Sandes in the evangelical homes for British soldiers, first in Ireland and then in India, where she opens homes at Umballa and Ranikhet and meets Walter Evans.

    Documentato

  5. ca. 1907 · 27 anni

    Marriage to Walter Evans

    She marries Walter Evans in a private chapel in Britain and moves with him to Cincinnati, where he studies at Lane Theological Seminary before being ordained an Episcopal priest.

    Probabile

  6. 1915 · 35 anni

    Separation and the sardine cannery

    She separates definitively from Walter Evans and, with three young daughters (Dorothy, Mildred and Ellison), works in a sardine cannery to support them.

    Documentato

  7. ca. 1918 · 38 anni

    Esoteric Section of the Theosophical Society

    Having discovered Theosophy in Pacific Grove she settles at Krotona, joins the Esoteric Section and, in the shrine room, believes she recognises her 1895 visitor as the Master K. H.

    Documentato

  8. novembre 1919 · 39 anni

    First contact with 'the Tibetan'

    According to her account, a voice asks her to write books for the public. After refusing once, she agrees to try and receives the first chapters of Initiation, Human and Solar.

    Discusso

  9. 1920 · 40 anni

    Break at the Chicago convention

    The 1920 American Theosophical convention seals the confrontation between Adyar loyalists and the Baileys' group, who lose their posts and leave the Society.

    Documentato

  10. 1921 · 41 anni

    Marriage to Foster Bailey

    Her divorce from Walter Evans granted, she marries Foster Bailey (1888–1977), who will be her partner in every later undertaking.

    Documentato

  11. 1922 · 42 anni

    First book and own press

    Initiation, Human and Solar, Letters on Occult Meditation and The Consciousness of the Atom are published. The Baileys found the Lucifer Publishing Company, soon renamed Lucis.

    Documentato

  12. aprile 1923 · 42 anni

    Founding of the Arcane School

    They organise the Arcane School, a correspondence training in meditation and service, with no vows of obedience to any person.

    Documentato

  13. 1925 · 45 anni

    A Treatise on Cosmic Fire

    Her longest and most technical work appears, dedicated to H. P. Blavatsky.

    Documentato

  14. 1936 · 56 anni

    A Treatise on the Seven Rays begins

    Esoteric Psychology I is published, the first of the treatise's five volumes; the last will appear in 1960.

    Documentato

  15. 1945 · 65 anni

    The Great Invocation

    She circulates the version of the Great Invocation now used in many languages ('From the point of Light within the Mind of God…'); a first stanza had appeared in 1937.

    Documentato

  16. 15 dicembre 1949 · 69 anni

    Death in New York

    She dies after years of heart and blood disease. Foster Bailey announces the news by letter to students around the world.

    Documentato

  17. 1951

    The Unfinished Autobiography published

    Foster Bailey edits the autobiography left off in 1948, with a foreword and appendices on the Arcane School.

    Documentato

  18. 1960

    Last volume of the dictation

    Lucis publishes The Rays and the Initiations, closing A Treatise on the Seven Rays and the cycle of twenty-four books.

    Documentato

Opere

Opere essenziali

Le opere senza le quali non si comprende la sua eredità.

Initiation, Human and Solar — Alice A. Bailey

Attribuzione tradizionale · 1922

Initiation, Human and Solar

An account of the Hierarchy of masters that, in Theosophy, guides human evolution, and of the five initiations through which the disciple is said to pass. It describes the organisation of that Hierarchy, the role of the Lords of the Flame and the meaning of solar initiation. It is the classic entry point to Bailey's corpus.

4 edizioni · amazon.com

A Treatise on Cosmic Fire — Alice A. Bailey

Attribuzione tradizionale · 1925

A Treatise on Cosmic Fire

The longest and most technical work in the corpus: a cosmology of over a thousand pages on the three fires (by friction, solar and electric), the planes, the devas and the evolution of solar systems, conceived as a psychological development of The Secret Doctrine. It is the reference text for advanced students of Bailey.

2 edizioni · amazon.com

A Treatise on White Magic — Alice A. Bailey

Attribuzione tradizionale · 1934

A Treatise on White Magic

A Treatise on White Magic, or The Way of the Disciple

A commentary on fifteen 'rules for magic' concerning the creation of thought-forms by the soul: 'white magic' here means the soul's creative work through the personality, in service of the group. It contains the formula that energy follows thought and extensive practical advice for the disciple.

2 edizioni · amazon.com

Esoteric Psychology I — Alice A. Bailey

Attribuzione tradizionale · 1936

Esoteric Psychology I

A Treatise on the Seven Rays, Vol. I: Esoteric Psychology I

First volume of A Treatise on the Seven Rays: it presents the seven fundamental energies (will, love-wisdom, active intelligence, harmony through conflict, concrete knowledge, devotion and ceremonial order) and their action on the kingdoms of nature. It is the foundation of 'ray psychology'.

2 edizioni · amazon.com

The Unfinished Autobiography — Alice A. Bailey

Opera postuma · 1951

The Unfinished Autobiography

A first-person account of childhood in the English upper middle class, evangelism in India, the unhappy marriage to Walter Evans, poverty in California, the discovery of Theosophy, the break with Adyar and the beginning of the work with the Tibetan. It is the indispensable primary source on her life.

2 edizioni · amazon.com

Citazioni

Citazioni localizzate in un'opera precisa. Ciascuna porta con sé la sua provenienza e il suo grado di affidabilità.

From the point of Light within the Mind of God / Let light stream forth into the minds of men.

VerificataLa Gran Invocación (versión de 1945), en The Reappearance of the Christ, páginas preliminares

1 / 8

Idee essenziali (sintesi editoriale)

Per rispetto del diritto d'autore, queste idee sono riassunte con parole nostre e non sono presentate come citazioni letterali.

  • Bailey distinguishes automatic writing, which she considers dangerous because it requires passivity, from the conscious telepathy she claimed to practise: positive attention, full control of the senses and faithful transcription, correcting only the English.
  • The Tibetan's books are presented without any claim to authority: readers should accept them only if their intuition and practice confirm them, not out of devotion to a master.
  • Service to humanity, rather than personal devotion, is for Bailey the soul's own instinct and the way of approach to the spiritual Hierarchy.
  • All religions spring from one spiritual source; humanity will come to recognise this in a universal religion that does not abolish the traditions but gathers them.
  • Illness has its ultimate root in a blocked soul life; healing consists in restoring the right relation between soul and personality.

Ultime parole

Racconto posteriore di testimoni

«I have much to be thankful for. I have had a rich and full life.»

I have much to be thankful for. I have had a rich and full life.

Words spoken, according to Foster Bailey, 'that last afternoon' in the New York hospital; he reproduces them in the letter sent to students the morning after her death, included in the foreword to the Unfinished Autobiography. The sentence goes on to thank the many people around the world who had been kind to her. They are not necessarily her last words in a literal sense, but the last her husband recorded. The same letter says her Master K. H. came for her, a statement of faith rather than verifiable testimony.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Chiedi

Ciò a cui risponde la sua opera

Dodici grandi domande dell'umanità e ciò che i suoi testi permettono di rispondere, con riferimenti. Non gli mettiamo mai parole in bocca.

  • Che cos'è l'Assoluto? Dio esiste?

    An Absolute of which nothing can be said, and conscious Logoi animating the worlds

    Personale e impersonale insiemeLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey, who attributes most of her books to a Tibetan master, Djwhal Khul, proposes a hierarchical theology. At the summit she places the One About Whom Naught May Be Said, an unknowable absolute. Below are the entities she calls Logoi: the Solar Logos, whose body of manifestation is the solar system, and the Planetary Logos, the life animating the Earth, whom she identifies with Sanat Kumara. These Logoi are conscious, purposeful and manifest as will, love-wisdom and active intelligence, so that to speak of God is to speak of real beings in evolution, in whose life, in the Pauline formula she takes up (Acts 17:28), «we live and move and have our being». In A Treatise on Cosmic Fire she develops this cosmology in detail. The divine thus has an ineffable ground and conscious faces at different scales, though none is the creator God of the Abrahamic religions.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Chi sono io? Esiste un vero sé?

    Monad, soul and personality: a soul learning to govern its vehicle

    Un'anima in evoluzioneLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey describes the human being on three levels: the Monad, a spiritual spark of the Logos; the soul or Ego, dwelling on the higher mental plane; and the personality, made up of the physical, emotional and mental bodies, which is the soul's vehicle in each incarnation. The everyday self is the personality, which over many lives believes itself independent and pursues its own ends. Evolution consists in the soul taking control of that vehicle, until the personality is integrated and becomes the soul's instrument, and later the soul itself merges with the Monad. In A Treatise on White Magic (1934) she presents this process as the disciple's great work, and in The Light of the Soul (1927), her commentary on the Yoga Sutras, she links it to meditation.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Perché soffriamo?

    Illness and pain have karmic roots, individual and collective

    Il karma e l'apprendimento dell'animaLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey addresses suffering mainly in Esoteric Healing (1953), where she sets out the causes of disease. She distinguishes individual causes, arising from the person's emotional and mental life and karma; group causes, inherited from humanity as a whole; and planetary causes, linked to the evolution of the Earth's Logos. Pain results from friction between the soul, which seeks expression, and a personality that resists or is still unintegrated. In her framework suffering is not punishment but the consequence of causes and a means of learning: it forces the personality to reorient towards the soul and prepares the disciple for service. Bailey insists that karma is also collective, and that much of an individual's pain comes from debts of the humanity they share.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Che cosa accade dopo la morte?

    Dying is withdrawing consciousness from the body; the soul incarnates again

    Rinascita secondo il karmaLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey treats death as a technical process of the soul's withdrawal. In Esoteric Healing, in the section on the art of dying, she describes how the soul withdraws the thread of consciousness and the thread of life, from the head and the heart, and leaves the physical body; it then sheds the etheric, astral and mental bodies in what she calls the elimination of the vehicles. The freed soul remains on its own plane assimilating experience and then incarnates again according to the law of rebirth and karma, until it completes its evolutionary and initiatory cycle. Bailey criticises the fear of death, which she attributes to identification with form and to materialism, and proposes that it should become a conscious and orderly transition. She also announces that future humanity will understand death as a mere change of state.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Come si raggiunge la liberazione o la salvezza?

    Discipleship, meditation and group service lead to the initiations under the Hierarchy

    Con una pratica disciplinataLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey, who attributes most of her work to a Tibetan master named Djwhal Khul, describes liberation as the result of a long evolution through successive initiations. In Initiation, Human and Solar she presents those initiations as expansions of consciousness the disciple attains after purifying the personality and placing it at the service of the soul. The method is occult meditation, control of the mind and, characteristically, service to humanity carried out in groups rather than individual perfection. A Treatise on White Magic develops the rules of that inner work. The last stage is not escape from the world but incorporation into the spiritual Hierarchy which, according to her system, guides planetary evolution.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Serve un maestro?

    The Masters of the Hierarchy guide the disciple, but are found through the soul

    IndispensabileLo dice espressamente

    In Alice Bailey's system, spiritual evolution is guided by a Hierarchy of Masters, and discipleship consists in entering into conscious relationship with it. Initiation, Human and Solar describes initiations as events in which those Masters intervene, and Discipleship in the New Age gathers instructions she attributes to one of them, the Tibetan, addressed to groups of disciples. At the same time, Bailey insists that contact with the Master is not sought for the personality nor brought about by fascination with a figure: it is reached through the soul, once the disciple has become useful for service. The outer teacher is structural, but the way to him passes through the interior.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Il mondo è reale?

    Cosmic and systemic planes: the physical world is the densest of seven

    Piani di esistenzaLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey inherited and expanded Theosophical cosmology. In A Treatise on Cosmic Fire she describes a universe organised into seven planes, each divided into seven subplanes, which in turn form part of the cosmic physical plane of a still greater reality. All of it is the body of manifestation of a great Entity, the Solar Logos, just as the human body is the vehicle of the soul. The physical world is real, but it is the densest of these levels and a limited expression of higher energies. Bailey understands evolution as the process by which consciousness ascends through these planes, and matter is the necessary medium of that expression.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Che cos'è l'amore?

    Love-wisdom is God's nature and the principle of the new age

    Amore di Dio e del prossimoLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey places love at the centre of her cosmology. In Esoteric Psychology she describes seven rays or qualities of divine energy, and the second, that of love-wisdom, is for her the dominant quality of our solar system: God is love in a literal, energetic sense. Christ is the embodiment of that principle, and his reappearance, which she announces in The Reappearance of the Christ, would consist in the manifestation of that love in humanity. Bailey insists that this is not personal affection or sentimentality, but an impersonal, inclusive and lucid love, expressed as goodwill towards the whole and as group service. The disciple moves from love of self and of one's own to love of the group, of humanity and of the divine plan.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Siamo liberi o è tutto determinato?

    The soul chooses to incarnate and the personality learns to answer it

    Karma e sceltaSi deduce dalla sua dottrina

    Bailey inherits from theosophy the law of karma as the law of cause and effect, but articulates it around the relation between soul and personality. In *Esoteric Psychology* and *A Treatise on White Magic* the soul chooses its conditions of incarnation according to its purpose and karma, while the personality at first lives ruled by its desires and environment, without true freedom. As contact with the soul is established through meditation and service, the person moves from being driven by forces to directing them consciously. Freedom, then, is not a starting point but an evolutionary achievement: it grows as personal will aligns with the soul's will and, beyond it, with the Plan.

    Confronta questa domanda con altri maestri
  • Perché meditare o pregare?

    Meditating to align personality with soul and place oneself in service

    Tornare alla sorgente dell'ioLo dice espressamente

    Bailey devoted her early books to meditation, *Letters on Occult Meditation* (1922) and *From Intellect to Intuition* (1932). There she presents it as a gradual process: concentration, meditation and contemplation, whose aim is to establish conscious contact between the personality (body, emotions and mind) and the soul, and then to receive by intuition impressions from higher planes. But unlike other paths, contact with the soul is not the end: it must be translated into service to humanity. Hence her insistence on group meditation and on the *Great Invocation*, a prayer she spread from 1945 to be recited by people of any creed.

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  • Può la ragione conoscere l'ultimo?

    From intellect to intuition: the trained mind opens the way to higher knowledge

    Conoscenza esotericaLo dice espressamente

    Bailey does not set reason against spiritual knowledge: she orders them. In *From Intellect to Intuition* (1932) she holds that the concrete mind must be educated and disciplined, because only a trained intellect can, through meditation, open to intuition, which she defines as direct apprehension of truth coming from the soul. That intuition gives access to a wisdom which, according to her, is guarded by a hierarchy of masters and revealed gradually to humanity according to its capacity. Her own books are presented as telepathic transmission from one of those masters, the Tibetan. Reason is a necessary stage of the path, not its end, and esoteric knowledge is tested in the disciple's own experience.

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  • Ritirarsi dal mondo o trasformarlo?

    The modern disciple serves in the world: goodwill as a spiritual task

    Impegnarsi nel mondoLo dice espressamente

    Alice Bailey holds that the disciple of the new age does not withdraw to an ashram or a monastery but serves in the midst of modern life, in politics, education, science or finance. In the 1930s she launched the idea of the New Group of World Servers, an invisible network of people of goodwill working, each in their own field, for human unity, and created activities such as Triangles and World Goodwill within the Lucis Trust. In The Problems of Humanity (1947) she analyses issues of her time — post-war reconstruction, relations between races and nations, capital and labour, the churches, education — and proposes tackling them through goodwill. For her, meditation is itself a form of service, since it channels spiritual energy into the world, but it must be translated into concrete action.

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Affinità e tensioni

Affinità e tensioni

Calcolate domanda per domanda a partire dalle sue posizioni. Il perché di ogni accordo o contrasto, con un clic.

Concordano su

Alice A. Bailey · Helena Blavatsky

Seven planes and a nameless Principle: Theosophical cosmology and its second generation

Both describe a universe of seven planes of matter and consciousness, from the physical, the densest, to the subtlest, emanating from an ultimate reality of which nothing can be said. Blavatsky sets this out in the three fundamental propositions of the Proem to The Secret Doctrine: an eternal Principle about which all speculation is impossible, the periodicity of the universe and the pilgrimage of each soul through the cycles of incarnation. Bailey develops it in A Treatise on Cosmic Fire, with seven planes divided into seven subplanes forming the body of manifestation of the solar Logos. In both, the human being is a soul evolving through those planes, and evolution is guided by Masters. Bailey adds a theology of conscious Logoi, endowed with will, love-wisdom and intelligence, which Blavatsky does not stress.

Perché: The affinity is one of direct inheritance: Bailey was formed in the Theosophical Society, where she worked in California until her break with its leadership around 1920, and she presented her work as a continuation of the line opened by The Secret Doctrine. She attributes most of her books to a Tibetan master, Djwhal Khul, a claim of hers that cannot be verified, just as the existence of Blavatsky's Mahatmas could not be verified. The differences are of emphasis and period: Blavatsky polemicises against the dogma and materialism of the nineteenth century; Bailey writes in the interwar years, with a strong emphasis on service, goodwill and the preparation of a new age.

Aneddoti e racconti

Aneddoti e racconti

Testimonianza1895

The man in the turban at Castramont

On Sunday 30 June 1895 Alice, fifteen years old and in a phase of adolescent despair, was left alone in the drawing-room of her aunt Margaret Maxwell at Castramont, Kirkcudbrightshire, while the rest of the household was at church. By her account a tall man came in, in well-cut European clothes and a turban, sat down beside her and spoke firmly: there was work planned for her in the world, but she would have to stop being such an unpleasant girl and learn self-control; if she did, she would travel through many countries 'doing your Master's work'. He left after pausing a moment at the door. She kept silent about it for fear of being thought unbalanced; at first she fancied herself a Joan of Arc and then, more humbly, simply set about controlling her temper, so successfully, she says, that her family grew worried at her sudden docility.

Origine del racconto: Sole source: The Unfinished Autobiography, ch. I, written fifty years later. There are no other witnesses.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Testimonianza1918

The portrait in the Krotona shrine room

In 1918, newly admitted to the Esoteric Section of the Theosophical Society, Bailey entered for the first time the room where the portraits of the Christ and the masters were kept. There, she says, the man who had appeared to her in Scotland twenty-three years earlier was looking straight at her. She hurried to ask one of the senior people at Krotona who he was and, on hearing that it was the Master K. H., exclaimed innocently that he must then be her master, since she had been under his guidance for years. The reply was a cold 'Am I to understand that you believe yourself to be a disciple?' Bailey made a lesson of it: there, she says, she discovered the spiritual competitiveness of the Society and the need to learn to hold her tongue. The episode foreshadows her later clash with the Adyar leadership.

Origine del racconto: The Unfinished Autobiography, ch. IV. Bailey's own account; the person who answered her is not named.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Testimonianza1919

'I'm not a darned psychic'

One November morning in 1919, after sending the girls off to school, Bailey went up a hill near her house for a few minutes alone. By her account she heard a clear musical note that seemed to pass through the sky, the hill and herself, and a voice asked whether she would write some books it was desirable to publish. Her answer, spoken aloud to her own astonishment, was blunt: she was not a psychic and did not want to be drawn into anything of the sort. The voice said wise people did not make snap judgements and that it would return in three weeks. Bailey forgot all about it until, exactly three weeks later, the voice came back one evening. She agreed to try for a month; in those weeks she received the first chapters of Initiation, Human and Solar. The dictation would last thirty years.

Origine del racconto: The Unfinished Autobiography, ch. IV. Bailey says she did not even tell Foster Bailey about the first episode at the time.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Testimonianza1915

The engineer's granddaughter in the cannery

Until 1908, Bailey writes, she had never thought about money: she had spent whole weeks as a guest in great British houses and counted among her friends a grand duke related to the Tsar. In 1915, separated from a husband who scarcely sent any of his stipend, with three small daughters in Pacific Grove and her family's remittances sometimes sunk with wartime ships, she found she could do nothing anyone would pay for: she made lace nobody bought and could neither type nor teach. The only local industry was sardines, and she went to work in a cannery. She tells of living three weeks on milkless tea and dry bread so that the girls could eat, and of still being unable to look a sardine in the eye. For her it was a decisive spiritual crisis, the one that prepared her encounter with Theosophy.

Origine del racconto: The Unfinished Autobiography, chs. I and III. Autobiographical account, consistent with the known chronology but without independent documentation.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Non verificabiledécada de 1930–1940

The parcels from India

Bailey knew psychologists argued over the origin of her books and that Carl Gustav Jung was said to regard the Tibetan as a personification of her higher self. Her reply, in the autobiography, is ironic: if she ever met Jung she would ask him how her higher self could send her parcels from India. She also tells how her associate Henry Carpenter travelled three times to India in an attempt to reach the masters at Shigatse, against her advice that he could find them in New York, and how in Darjeeling he met a Tibetan general, Laden Lha, who knew the lama to whom the dictation was attributed. The stories serve Bailey to assert the Tibetan's physical existence; historians have been unable to verify either the parcels or the lama's identity.

Origine del racconto: The Unfinished Autobiography, ch. IV. Jung's opinion is hearsay ('I have been told'); it has not been located in his published work.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

Insegnamenti

Insegnamenti

Le nozioni che articolano il suo pensiero, spiegate nel loro contesto.

The Tibetan (Djwhal Khul) and telepathic impressionel-tibetano-djwhal-khul
Bailey attributed nineteen of her books to a master she long called simply 'the Tibetan' or 'D. K.' and eventually identified with Djwhal Khul, a figure already present in the mahatma letters of the Blavatskian tradition. In the 'Statement by the Tibetan' (1934) he presents himself as a disciple of a certain degree living in a physical body on the borders of Tibet, and warns that his books claim no acceptance: they must be judged by practice and intuition. Bailey insisted her method was neither automatic writing nor mediumship but a 'higher telepathy' or 'impression' in which she remained fully conscious, listened and took notes, correcting only the English. In Telepathy and the Etheric Vehicle she developed a theory of that mechanism. From the outside, scholarship (Hammer, Sutcliffe) treats the dictation as a strategy of legitimation: authority shifts from the author to an invisible master even as it is relativised.

It extends the Theosophical figure of the Masters of Wisdom and the practice of receiving teachings from them, which with Blavatsky took the form of letters.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).

The seven rayssiete-rayos
The doctrine of the rays is Bailey's most systematic contribution. Seven energies or qualities emanating from divinity — will or power; love-wisdom; active intelligence; harmony through conflict; concrete knowledge or science; devotion or idealism; ceremonial order or magic — are said to condition everything that exists. Each human being would have a soul ray and a personality ray, plus rays for mind, emotions and body; every nation, planet and zodiacal sign would likewise be qualified by rays. A Treatise on the Seven Rays (five volumes, 1936–1960) applies the scheme to psychology, astrology, healing and initiation. Bruce F. Campbell notes that the idea existed in germ in earlier Theosophy but that Bailey was the first to develop it at length. It is used today by schools of transpersonal psychology and esoteric astrology that trace themselves to her.

It reworks Theosophical notions and the image of the 'seven spirits before the throne' found in several traditions.

Fonte: Campbell, Bruce F. Ancient Wisdom Revived: A History of the Theosophical Movement. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.

The Great Invocationgran-invocacion
A prayer or mantram circulated by Bailey in its present form in 1945, after a first stanza in 1937. Its four stanzas ask that divine light, love and will descend on humanity, that the Christ return to Earth and that the Plan of Love and Light work out and 'seal the door where evil dwells'. Bailey presented it as a prayer belonging to no group but to all humanity, and compared it to what the Lord's Prayer has been for Christianity. The Lucis Trust has translated it into dozens of languages and promotes an annual World Invocation Day. It has been adopted by communities such as Findhorn; it has also been criticised from Blavatskian Theosophy, which sees in it the expectation of an outside saviour, and from conservative religious positions.

It belongs to the public, service-oriented side of Bailey's work, alongside World Goodwill and Triangles.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Reappearance of the Christ. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1948 (texto de la Gran Invocación en las páginas preliminares).

Trianglestriangulos
A meditation network created within the Lucis Trust: groups of three people who undertake to link up mentally for a few minutes each day, not necessarily at the same time or place, to visualise light and goodwill circulating among them and out to humanity, and to recite the Great Invocation. The idea comes from Bailey's teaching on the power of focused thought ('energy follows thought') and on group work as a spiritual unit greater than the individual. Triangles can link with one another into a planetary network. It is one of the simplest and most widespread practices of her legacy, open to people who do not study the books.

It is one of the Lucis Trust's services alongside the Arcane School and World Goodwill.

Fonte: Wikipedia (en), «Alice Bailey» (bibliografía, recepción y críticas, con referencias a Gershom, Newman, Shnirelman y Lubelsky).

The New Group of World Serversnuevo-grupo-de-servidores-del-mundo
A central concept of Bailey's public work from the 1930s on: a group without outer organisation made up of all people of goodwill, of any creed or none, working for international understanding, economic justice and religious unity. One does not join it; one belongs by orienting one's life to service. In Bailey's view this group mediates between the spiritual Hierarchy and humanity and prepares the ground for the reappearance of the Christ. It inspired the creation of World Goodwill and its explicit support for the United Nations.

It translates into social and political language the Theosophical idea of universal brotherhood.

Fonte: Wikipedia (en), «Alice Bailey» (bibliografía, recepción y críticas, con referencias a Gershom, Newman, Shnirelman y Lubelsky).

The reappearance of the Christreaparicion-de-cristo
Bailey announced the return of the Christ, understood not as the historical Jesus but as the world teacher Theosophy calls Maitreya and as head of the spiritual Hierarchy. His return would not be an apocalyptic event but the gradual manifestation of the Hierarchy in the world, prepared by humanity's goodwill and by the Great Invocation, and would give rise to a universal religion recognising the common origin of all. The doctrine, set out in The Reappearance of the Christ (1948) and The Externalisation of the Hierarchy (1957), shaped later movements such as Benjamin Creme's and was criticised both by Theosophists who see it as Leadbeater's legacy and by Christians who find it incompatible with their faith.

It inherits the Theosophical expectation of a world teacher that Besant and Leadbeater had projected onto Krishnamurti.

Fonte: Bailey, Alice A. The Reappearance of the Christ. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1948 (texto de la Gran Invocación en las páginas preliminares).

Ritiri

Ritiri e centri

Luoghi e incontri legati al suo insegnamento. Ti mettiamo in contatto con chi li organizza.

  • Por correspondencia y en línea (sede en Asheville, Carolina del Norte) · Estados Unidos

    School for Esoteric Studies

    School for Esoteric Studies

    The School for Esoteric Studies offers what it calls training in purposeful living based on the Ageless Wisdom, a distance school of meditation and study that works with the teachings transmitted through Alice Bailey alongside other sources of the esoteric tradition. The work is done by correspondence and online, in English, Spanish and Italian, with a quarterly newsletter and video materials. Together with the Arcane School, it is one of the two best-known organised routes for studying Bailey's books under guidance, and it is particularly accessible to Spanish-speaking students.

  • Por correspondencia (oficinas en Nueva York, Londres y Ginebra) · Internacional

    The Arcane School (Lucis Trust)

    Lucis Trust – Arcane School

    The Arcane School began in 1923, when Alice Bailey, helped by her husband Foster Bailey, started answering by correspondence the questions of readers of her books. It is part of the Lucis Trust, the organisation the couple created, and offers training in meditation and study based on the teachings set out in Bailey's work, with personal written work and guidance at a distance. The Lucis Trust also keeps up activities such as full-moon meditation meetings. Its official website sometimes rejects automated requests, but it is the organisation's known website.

Vedi tutti i ritiri →

Video

Video

Registrazioni, interviste e documentari. I video vengono riprodotti da YouTube; non sono ospitati qui.

  • Life of Alice Bailey Part 1 of 3

    Documentario· EN· 10 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • The Life of Alice Bailey Part 2 of 3

    Documentario· EN· 10 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • Life of Alice Bailey Part 3 of 3

    Documentario· EN· 10 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • The Great Invocation - A World Prayer

    Registrazione originale· EN· 2 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • Great Invocation Video

    Registrazione originale· EN· 5 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • Triangles Meditation Group Webinar - Alice Bailey's first recitation of The Great Invocation in 1945

    Conferenza· EN· 64 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • The Great Invocation in Greek

    Registrazione originale· EL· 3 min

    Lucis TrustCanale ufficiale

  • La Gran Invocación (voces)

    Registrazione originale· ES· 4 min

    Fundación LucisCanale ufficiale

  • La Gran Invocación – 01. Introducción

    Conferenza· ES· 9 min

    Fundación LucisCanale ufficiale

Galleria

Galleria

Immagini con licenza verificata. Ciascuna conserva la sua paternità e la sua attribuzione.

Relazioni

Relazioni

Influenze, discepolati e affinità. Si distingue la relazione documentata dalla somiglianza individuata per analisi.

  • Ricevette l'influenza di

    Helena Blavatsky

    Bailey discovered Theosophy through The Secret Doctrine, dedicated A Treatise on Cosmic Fire to Blavatsky and presented herself as continuing her teaching.

    Relazione documentata

  • Dissentì da

    Annie Besant

    The Baileys clashed with the leadership of Besant and the Esoteric Section in 1920; according to Hammer and Campbell, Besant distrusted the Tibetan communications.

    Relazione documentata

  • Contemporaneo di

    Jiddu Krishnamurti

    Bailey cites Besant's pronouncements about Krishnamurti as one of the factors dividing the Theosophical Society when she left it.

    Relazione documentata

  • Ricevette l'influenza di

    Patañjali

    The Light of the Soul (1927) is an annotated paraphrase of the Yoga Sutras.

    Relazione documentata

  • Ricevette l'influenza di

    Jesus of Nazareth

    From Bethlehem to Calvary interprets Jesus' life as five initiations; her esoteric Christology distinguishes Jesus from the Christ.

    Relazione documentata

  • Idee affini a

    Rudolf Steiner

    Both left the Adyar Theosophical Society and built their own systems with an esoteric Christology; no direct relationship between them is recorded.

    Somiglianza individuata per analisi

Fonti

Fonti

Bibliografia e cataloghi consultati per questa scheda.

  1. Bailey, Alice A. The Unfinished Autobiography. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1951 (© 1951, renovado 1979, Lucis Trust).
  2. Wikidata, «Alice Bailey» (Q260575): fechas y lugares de nacimiento y muerte.
  3. Lucis Trust. Catálogo de libros de Alice A. Bailey y biblioteca en línea.
  4. Open Library, autora OL2328289A (Alice A. Bailey): obras y ediciones con ISBN.
  5. Campbell, Bruce F. Ancient Wisdom Revived: A History of the Theosophical Movement. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.
  6. Hammer, Olav. Claiming Knowledge: Strategies of Epistemology from Theosophy to the New Age. Leiden: Brill, 2001.
  7. Sutcliffe, Steven J. Children of the New Age: A History of Spiritual Practices. Londres: Routledge, 2003.
  8. Bailey, Alice A. The Reappearance of the Christ. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1948 (texto de la Gran Invocación en las páginas preliminares).
  9. Bailey, Alice A. Glamour: A World Problem. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1950 (incluye «Extract from a Statement by the Tibetan», agosto de 1934).
  10. Bailey, Alice A. A Treatise on White Magic, or The Way of the Disciple. Nueva York: Lucis Publishing Company, 1934.
  11. Wikipedia (en), «Alice Bailey» (bibliografía, recepción y críticas, con referencias a Gershom, Newman, Shnirelman y Lubelsky).
  12. Blackthorn, Isobel. Alice A. Bailey: Life and Legacy. Edición independiente, 2020.
  13. Newman, Hannah. «Invocation, The Great», en Richard S. Levy (ed.), Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution. Santa Bárbara: ABC-CLIO, 2005, pp. 351–352.
  14. Gershom, Yonassan. «Antisemitic Stereotypes in Alice Bailey's Writings», 1997 (revisado en 2005); copia de archivo de 2007.
  15. Shnirelman, Victor A. Russian Neo-pagan Myths and Antisemitism. Acta, n.º 13: Analysis of Current Trends in Antisemitism. Jerusalén: Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, Universidad Hebrea, 1998.
Titolare dei diritti
Lucis Trust (Nueva York, Londres, Ginebra). Bailey murió en 1949: sus obras son de dominio público en los países con plazo de 70 años post mortem, pero los libros publicados en Estados Unidos después de 1930 y las recopilaciones póstumas siguen protegidos allí.
Sito ufficiale
www.lucistrust.org

In attesa di conferma

Ciò che questa scheda non ha ancora potuto chiarire. Preferiamo dirlo piuttosto che riempirlo.

  • Ediciones españolas con ISBN de Cartas sobre meditación ocultista, Tratado sobre fuego cósmico, La luz del alma, El alma y su mecanismo, Del intelecto a la intuición, De Belén al Calvario, Psicología esotérica II, Curación esotérica, La exteriorización de la Jerarquía, El discipulado II y la Autobiografía inconclusa (Fundación Lucis las publica, pero no se han visto en catálogo).
  • Años de las ediciones españolas de Fundación Lucis, Sirio y Cárcamo (el catálogo de Open Library no los consigna).
  • Folletos no registrados como obra: The Next Three Years (1934), The Present World Crisis, Today (1940), The Coming World Order, The Immediate Plans, The Interlude between War and Peace y otros mensajes de guerra, absorbidos después en La exteriorización de la Jerarquía (fuente: Open Library OL2328289A).
  • Fecha original de The Labours of Hercules (1974 en libro; Wikipedia cita 1957).
  • Fecha exacta y lugar del matrimonio con Walter Evans (hacia 1907) y año exacto de la muerte del padre.
  • Comprobar el estatus de dominio público de la fotografía de Clara E. Sipprell (fallecida en 1975) declarada PD en Commons.
  • No se ha encontrado grabación sonora ni filmada verificada de Alice Bailey; confirmar si el webinario de Lucis Trust sobre 1945 contiene audio de archivo.
  • Programa de afiliación: no localizado para Lucis Trust ni Editorial Sirio.
  • Sala de lectura (2026-10-25): también son de dominio público en EE. UU. y en la UE (no en España hasta 2030) A Treatise on Cosmic Fire (1925), The Light of the Soul (1927) y The Soul and Its Mechanism (1930, libre en EE. UU. desde el 1 de enero de 2026), pero no se ha localizado texto completo limpio: el ejemplar de 1925 en archive.org (treatiseoncosmic0001alic) no tiene OCR y la biblioteca en línea de Lucis Trust está tras un control de Cloudflare que impide la descarga automática. Las obras publicadas desde 1931 pueden conservar derechos en EE. UU. si se renovaron (consta la renovación de la autobiografía, 1979); comprobar renovación por título.
  • Sala de lectura: los tres textos registrados llevan «caution»: entran en la sala el 1 de enero de 2030, cuando expiren los derechos en España.
  • Comprobar en la Autobiografía inconclusa la participación del padre en «las obras del puente Victoria» de Montreal hacia 1880: el puente se construyó en 1854–1859 y se reconstruyó en 1897–1898 (señalado al traducir, 2026-10-25).

Ricerca effettuata il 2026-10-25