Al-Ghazali
The Excellent Refutation of the Divinity of Jesus from the Gospel
Traditional attribution
The Excellent Refutation of the Divinity of Jesus from the Gospel
الرد الجميل لإلهية عيسى بصريح الإنجيل (al-Radd al-jamil)
A polemic against Christology which, starting from passages in the Gospel of John, tries to show that Jesus did not claim divinity in a literal sense. Its detailed knowledge of Christian texts and its terminology, unusual for al-Ghazali, feed the doubts about its authorship, perhaps by an Egyptian author of Christian background.
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Authorship note
Disputed attribution: Louis Massignon defended its authenticity; Hava Lazarus-Yafeh and others doubt it (Iranica).
Editions and translations
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Français
Al-Ghazali
Réfutation excellente de la divinité de Jésus-Christ d'après les Évangiles
The Conscious LibraryRéfutation excellente de la divinité de Jésus-Christ d'après les Évangiles
Ernest Leroux, París, 1939
Translation: Robert Chidiac
Edición y traducción. Sin ISBN.
Other works by Al-Ghazali
- The Revival of the Religious Sciences (Ihya ulum al-din) · 1097
- The Extensive (Shafi'i law) · 1088
- The Intermediate (Shafi'i law) · 1090
- The Concise (Shafi'i law) · 1101
- The Quintessence of the Epitome
- The Sifted Notes on the Foundations · 1085
- The Healing of the Thirsty (on legal reasoning) · 1093
- The Essentials of Legal Theory · 1109
- The Foundation of Analogy
- The Aims of the Philosophers · 1094
- The Incoherence of the Philosophers · 1095
- The Standard of Knowledge (logic) · 1095
- The Touchstone of Reasoning (logic) · 1095
- The Criterion of Action · 1095
- The Correct Balance · 1100
- Moderation in Belief · 1095
- The Jerusalem Epistle · 1096
- The Decisive Criterion for Distinguishing Islam from Clandestine Unbelief · 1101
- The Rule of Interpretation · 1105
- Restraining the Common People from Theology · 1111
- The Infamies of the Batinis (al-Mustazhiri) · 1095
- The Book of the Forty (principles of religion) · 1100
- The Jewels of the Qur'an · 1100
- The Noblest Aim: on the Beautiful Names of God · 1100
- Dictation on the Difficult Passages of the Ihya · 1105
- The Beginning of Guidance · 1100
- The Precious Pearl (on the science of the hereafter) · 1100
- The Niche of Lights · 1106
- Deliverance from Error · 1108
- The Alchemy of Happiness · 1105
- Counsel for Kings · 1109
- The Virtues of Mankind: Letters of the Proof of Islam · 1111
- Refutation of the Antinomians · 1106
- O Disciple (Letter to a Disciple)
- The Path of the Worshippers
- What Is to Be Withheld from the Unworthy
- The Lesser Withheld Book (Answers on Eschatological Questions)
- The Epistle on Divinely Bestowed Knowledge
- The Ladders of Holiness in the Degrees of Self-Knowledge
- The Unveiling of Hearts
- The Secret of the Two Worlds
- The Wisdom in God's Creatures
- Book of Counsel
Sources
- Böwering, Gerhard. «Ḡazālī, Abū Ḥāmed Moḥammad i. Biography». Encyclopædia Iranica, vol. X, fasc. 4 (2001), ed. en línea.
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