Written work
Counsel for Kings
نصيحة الملوك (Nasihat al-muluk)
A Persian treatise addressed to a Seljuq sultan. The first part sets out the roots and branches of the faith the ruler must know; the second, in the mirror-for-princes genre, gathers maxims and anecdotes of Persian kings on good government, justice and viziers. It was translated into Arabic as *al-Tibr al-masbuk* and circulated widely.
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Authorship note
The first (theological) part is authentic, an official epistle to Sultan Sanjar or Muhammad ibn Malikshah around 503/1109; the authenticity of the second part (a mirror for princes with Sasanian anecdotes) is denied by De Fouchécour and Patricia Crone (Iranica).
Editions and translations
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English
Al-Ghazali
Ghazali's Book of Counsel for Kings (Nasihat al-muluk)
The Conscious LibraryGhazali's Book of Counsel for Kings (Nasihat al-muluk)
Oxford University Press, 1964
Translation: F. R. C. Bagley
ISBN 0197131298
Persa · فارسی
Al-Ghazali
Nasihat al-muluk
The Conscious LibraryNasihat al-muluk
Teherán, 1972
Translation: Jalal Huma'i (ed.)
2.ª ed. Sin ISBN.
Other works by Al-Ghazali
- The Revival of the Religious Sciences (Ihya ulum al-din) · 1097
- The Extensive (Shafi'i law) · 1088
- The Intermediate (Shafi'i law) · 1090
- The Concise (Shafi'i law) · 1101
- The Quintessence of the Epitome
- The Sifted Notes on the Foundations · 1085
- The Healing of the Thirsty (on legal reasoning) · 1093
- The Essentials of Legal Theory · 1109
- The Foundation of Analogy
- The Aims of the Philosophers · 1094
- The Incoherence of the Philosophers · 1095
- The Standard of Knowledge (logic) · 1095
- The Touchstone of Reasoning (logic) · 1095
- The Criterion of Action · 1095
- The Correct Balance · 1100
- Moderation in Belief · 1095
- The Jerusalem Epistle · 1096
- The Decisive Criterion for Distinguishing Islam from Clandestine Unbelief · 1101
- The Rule of Interpretation · 1105
- Restraining the Common People from Theology · 1111
- The Infamies of the Batinis (al-Mustazhiri) · 1095
- The Excellent Refutation of the Divinity of Jesus from the Gospel
- The Book of the Forty (principles of religion) · 1100
- The Jewels of the Qur'an · 1100
- The Noblest Aim: on the Beautiful Names of God · 1100
- Dictation on the Difficult Passages of the Ihya · 1105
- The Beginning of Guidance · 1100
- The Precious Pearl (on the science of the hereafter) · 1100
- The Niche of Lights · 1106
- Deliverance from Error · 1108
- The Alchemy of Happiness · 1105
- The Virtues of Mankind: Letters of the Proof of Islam · 1111
- Refutation of the Antinomians · 1106
- O Disciple (Letter to a Disciple)
- The Path of the Worshippers
- What Is to Be Withheld from the Unworthy
- The Lesser Withheld Book (Answers on Eschatological Questions)
- The Epistle on Divinely Bestowed Knowledge
- The Ladders of Holiness in the Degrees of Self-Knowledge
- The Unveiling of Hearts
- The Secret of the Two Worlds
- The Wisdom in God's Creatures
- Book of Counsel
Sources
- Böwering, Gerhard. «Ḡazālī, Abū Ḥāmed Moḥammad i. Biography». Encyclopædia Iranica, vol. X, fasc. 4 (2001), ed. en línea.
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