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التصوف المسيحي · الفكر الجديد · اللاثنائية المعاصرة · أبحاث الوعي

David R. Hawkins

1927 – 2012شخصية موثّقة تاريخيًا

طبيب نفسي أمريكي (1927–2012) أدار طوال ربع قرن عيادة كبيرة في لونغ آيلند، وحرّر مع لينوس باولنغ كتابًا في الطب النفسي الأورثوموليكولي، ثم قدّم نفسه معلّمًا روحيًا. ويقترح أشهر كتبه، «القوة في مواجهة القسر» (Power vs. Force، 1995)، «خريطة للوعي» مدرّجة من 1 إلى 1000 يمكن، في رأيه، قياسها باختبارات عضلية من الكينيزيولوجيا. وأسّس طريق «اللاثنائية التعبّدية». ويرى المجتمع العلمي أن هذا المنهج يفتقر إلى أيّ صلاحية مثبتة.

مؤلَّفًا
36مؤلَّفًا
طبعة
104طبعة
اقتباسًا
8اقتباسًا
مقطع فيديو
15مقطع فيديو
صورة
3صورة
Formaciones de roca roja en Sedona (Arizona)

Formaciones de roca roja en Sedona (Arizona) · CC BY-SA 4.0

بكلماته

«Force always moves against something, whereas power doesn't move against anything at all.»

Power vs. Force (Hay House, 2002); localizada en el texto completo del ejemplar powervsforcehidd00hawk (Internet Archive)

Power vs. Force — David R. Hawkins

للبدء، عمل واحد

Power vs. Force

فكرته المحورية

Human consciousness could be ordered on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 1000; below 200 destructive attitudes prevail (shame, guilt, fear, anger, pride) and above it life-supporting ones (courage, acceptance, reason, love, peace). It is his central thesis and has not been independently validated.

السيرة

4 دقيقة قراءة

ترجمة مُعانة من الأصل الإسباني، بانتظار مراجعة مترجم من أهل اللغة.

فتى في العاصفة الثلجية

وُلد ديفيد رامون هوكينز في 3 يونيو 1927 في ميلووكي، ونشأ في ريف ويسكونسن إبّان الكساد الكبير، في أسرة لا يكاد يُعرف عنها شيء خارج ما رواه هو نفسه. فمعظم ما نعرفه عن طفولته مصدره نبذة قصيرة من السيرة الذاتية ظلّت، مع تغييرات طفيفة، تختم منذ 2001 باب «عن المؤلّف» في كتبه. وفيها يحدّد واقعتين تأسيسيتين. الأولى في الثالثة من عمره: كان جالسًا في عربة صغيرة حين وعى فجأةً، كما يقول، أنه موجود، وجاءه مع هذا الوعي الخوفُ من ألّا يكون. والثانية في مراهقته، وهو يوزّع الصحف على دراجته في جولة تقارب ثلاثين كيلومترًا: فاجأته عاصفة ثلجية والحرارة عشرون درجة تحت الصفر، فانزلقت الدراجة على الجليد، وحفر الفتى تجويفًا في كثيب ثلج مرتفع ليحتمي من الريح؛ وهناك، على حدّ قوله، أفسح البرد مكانه لحالة من السكينة لم يعرف لها اسمًا إلا بعد عقود. إنها روايات لا شاهد عليها سواه، كتبها بعد نصف قرن رجلٌ كان قد صار يقدّم نفسه مستنيرًا، وعلى هذا الأساس ينبغي أن تُقرأ.

الطبيب النفسي في لونغ آيلند

خدم في البحرية الأمريكية في الأشهر الأخيرة من الحرب العالمية الثانية على متن كاسحة ألغام، وتخرّج في الطب سنة 1953 من كلية ويسكونسن الطبية، وهي كلية الطب السابقة في جامعة ماركيت. وبعد فترة الامتياز نال سنة 1956 منحة للتخصّص في الطب النفسي في مستشفى ماونت سايناي. وفي السنة نفسها تولّى الإدارة الطبية لمركز نورث ناسو للصحة النفسية في مانهاسيت، وظلّ يديره حتى 1980، كما شغل بين 1968 و1979 منصب مدير البحث في مستشفى برونزويك، في لونغ آيلند أيضًا. وتصف سِيَره الرسمية عيادته تلك بأنها من أكبر العيادات في البلاد، إذ كانت تستقبل ألفي مريض خارجي؛ وهو رقم مصدره دار النشر التي يملكها.

ودخل اسمه حينئذ في دائرة ما يُسمّى الطب النفسي الجزيئي التقويمي (الأورثوموليكولي)، الذي كان يدعو إلى علاج الفصام بجرعات عالية من الفيتامينات والمغذّيات. وفي 1973 حرّر بالاشتراك مع الكيميائي لينوس باولنغ، الحائز جائزة نوبل مرتين، مجلّد Orthomolecular Psychiatry: Treatment of Schizophrenia («الطب النفسي الأورثوموليكولي: علاج الفصام»، دار و. هـ. فريمان)، وكان الرئيس المؤسّس لأكاديمية الطب النفسي الأورثوموليكولي وعضوًا في هيئة تحرير مجلّتها. ولم يحظ هذا التيار قطّ بتأييد الطب النفسي الأكاديمي، بل شكّكت فيه الجمعية الأمريكية للطب النفسي في تقرير لفريق عمل صدر في السنة نفسها؛ ومع ذلك ظلّ هو مرتبطًا به حتى النهاية، إذ أُدرج اسمه سنة 2006 في قاعة مشاهير الطب الأورثوموليكولي. وكان في شبابه طبيبًا قد اقترب أيضًا من البوذية وتردّد على معهد الزن الأول في نيويورك.

ليلة الثامنة والثلاثين

في قلب روايته الروحية مرض. فبحسب النبذة نفسها، كان يعاني نحو سنة 1965 علّةً متفاقمة قد تودي بحياته ولا تستجيب لأيّ علاج؛ وفي الثامنة والثلاثين أيقن أنه على شفا الموت، فطلب العون من الله، منطلقًا من إلحاد فسّره لاحقًا بأنه رفضٌ لـ«الآلهة الزائفة» التي صنعها البشر. وما أعقب ذلك، كما يكتب، هو اختفاء الأنا الشخصية اختفاءً تامًّا واقتحامُ «حضورٍ» قيل إنه تولّى تدبير حياته منذ ذلك الحين. وقد أكّد هو نفسه أنه لم يتحدّث عن ذلك علنًا طوال أكثر من ثلاثة عقود. ولا توجد أيّ شهادة مستقلّة على تلك التجربة: إنها النواة السيرية التي بنى عليها سلطته معلّمًا.

سيدونا والخريطة

في 1979 انتقل إلى سيدونا (أريزونا)، وفي السنة التالية ترك الممارسة السريرية. وفي 1983 أنشأ «معهد البحث الروحي»، وهو هيئة غير ربحية تموّل اليوم دار Veritas Publishing التي أسّسها لنشر كتبه. ومنذ منتصف السبعينيات، بحسب روايته، كان يجرّب «علم الحركة التطبيقي» (الكينيزيولوجيا التطبيقية)، وهو إجراء لاختبار العضلات نشره المعالج اليدوي جورج غودهارت، مقتنعًا بأن ذراع الإنسان تضعف أمام الباطل وتثبت أمام الحق. ومن هنا وُلد سلّمه اللوغاريتمي لمستويات الوعي، من 1 إلى 1000، مع عتبة عند 200 — هي الانتقال من «القسر» (force) إلى «القوة» (power) —، وقد رافق هذا السلّمُ شهادةَ الدكتوراه في الخدمات الإنسانية والصحية التي نالها سنة 1995، في الثامنة والستين، من جامعة كولومبيا باسيفيك، وهي مؤسسة للتعليم عن بُعد غير معتمدة أمرت محكمة في كاليفورنيا بإغلاقها سنة 2000.

نجاح نشر موضع جدل

في السنة نفسها نشر لدى Veritas كتاب Power vs. Force («القوة في مواجهة القسر»). ثم أعادت دار Hay House نشره سنة 2002 ومرة أخرى سنة 2012 بوصفه «الطبعة الرسمية المعتمدة من المؤلّف»، فغدا الكتاب، المترجَم إلى أكثر من خمس وعشرين لغة، من كلاسيكيات هذا الصنف. وتلته «عين الأنا» (The Eye of the I، 2001) و«الأنا: الواقع والذاتية» (2003)، اللذان يكملان ثلاثية عن الاستنارة، ونحو عشرة عناوين أخرى: «الحق في مواجهة الباطل» (2005)، و«تجاوز مستويات الوعي» و«اكتشاف حضور الله» (2006)، و«الواقع والروحانية والإنسان الحديث» (2008)، و«الشفاء والتعافي» (2009)، ثم، في السنة الأخيرة من حياته، «التخلّي» (Letting Go)، أكثرها طابعًا عمليًا، المخصّص لأسلوب في الاستسلام للانفعالات وإفلاتها.

استقطب الكتاب أنصارًا متحمّسين ونقدًا قاسيًا على السواء. فالمراجعات المنهجية للأدبيات المتعلّقة بالكينيزيولوجيا التطبيقية لم تجد دليلًا على أن لها قيمة تشخيصية؛ وأسفرت تجربة مزدوجة التعمية نُشرت سنة 2014 عن نتائج تعادل المصادفة، أما الدراسات التي تسجّل قدرًا من الدقّة في التمييز بين الصدق والكذب فبعيدة كل البعد عن العصمة التي نسبها إلى المنهج. وفسّر مبسّطو العلم المتشكّكون، مثل روبرت تود كارول، عروضه العلنية بـ«التأثير الأيديوحركي». وردّت دار نشره بأن التقنية لا تنجح إلا إذا كان من يمارسونها «يُعايَرون» فوق 200، وهو شرط يجعل النظرية بمنأى عن أيّ تفنيد.

اللاثنائية التعبّدية

في سنواته الأخيرة قدّم هوكينز نفسه معلّمًا أكثر منه باحثًا. ففي 2003 أسّس ما سمّاه «طريق اللاثنائية التعبّدية»، الذي يجمع بين التخلّي عن الأنا كما في تراث الأدفايتا والتعبّد لله كما في المسيحية، وألقى محاضرات حاشدة في أريزونا وكاليفورنيا، وكذلك في كوريا الجنوبية، حيث نال سنة 2000 لقبًا فخريًّا بوصفه معلّمًا للاستنارة. وكان من أبناء الكنيسة الأسقفية. وقد جمعت آخر محاضراته الكبرى، وموضوعها المحبّة، نحو ألف وسبعمئة شخص في سبتمبر 2011.

تُوفي في منزله في سيدونا في 19 سبتمبر 2012، عن خمسة وثمانين عامًا. وخلّف زوجته سوزان، التي رافقته في محاضراته كلّها. ومنذ ذلك الحين واصلت Veritas وHay House نشر تفريغات أحاديثه، ووقّعت سوزان هوكينز سنة 2025 سيرته المعتمدة، The Man Who Mapped Consciousness («الرجل الذي رسم خريطة الوعي»). وإرثه مزدوج يصعب الفصل بين شقّيه: لغة بسيطة للحديث عن التسليم والتواضع والتعبّد يجدها كثير من القرّاء نافعة، وادّعاء قياس الحقيقة بذراع إنسان لم يستطع العلم إثباته.

المصادر: Hawkins, David R. The Eye of the I: From Which Nothing Is Hidden. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 2001, «About the Author» (nota autobiográfica, reproducida también en Truth vs. Falsehood, 2005; Transcending the Levels of Consciousness, 2006; Healing and Recovery, 2009; Letting Go, 2012). Consultado mediante la búsqueda de texto completo de Internet Archive (ejemplar eyeofi0000hawk). · Hawkins, David R. Power vs. Force: The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 1995; ed. revisada, Carlsbad: Hay House, 2002; «Author's Official Authoritative Edition», Hay House, 2012. · Hawkins, David R., y Linus Pauling (eds.). Orthomolecular Psychiatry: Treatment of Schizophrenia. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1973. ISBN 0716708981. · Hawkins, Susan. The Man Who Mapped Consciousness: The Life and Legacy of Dr. David R. Hawkins, The Authorized Biography. Carlsbad: Hay House, 2025. ISBN 9781401979577. · American Psychiatric Association. Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry. Task Force Report 7. Washington, D. C.: APA, 1973.

الخط الزمني

الحياة عامًا بعد عام

كل نقطة حدث موثّق. انقر لتقرأه مع مصدره ودرجة اليقين فيه.

  1. 3 يونيو 1927 · أقل من عام

    Birth in Milwaukee

    David Ramon Hawkins is born. He grows up in rural Wisconsin.

    موثّق

  2. نحو 1930 · 3 أعوام

    The awareness of existing

    According to his autobiographical note, at three, sitting in a little wagon, he suddenly becomes aware of his own existence and, with it, of the fear of nothingness.

    مرجَّح

  3. 1939 · 12 عامًا

    The blizzard

    Delivering newspapers by bicycle along a seventeen-mile route, he is caught at night in a twenty-below-zero blizzard; he shelters in a snow bank and recounts a state of deep peace from which his father rouses him. Date according to his autobiographical note.

    مرجَّح

  4. نحو 1945 · 18 عامًا

    Navy service

    Serves on a US Navy minesweeper at the end of the Second World War.

    موثّق

  5. 1953 · 26 عامًا

    Medical degree

    Graduates from the Medical College of Wisconsin (formerly Marquette University School of Medicine).

    موثّق

  6. 1956 – 1980 · 29 عامًا

    Director of the North Nassau Mental Health Center

    After a psychiatric fellowship at Mount Sinai, he becomes medical director of the centre, a post he holds until 1980.

    موثّق

  7. نحو 1965 · 38 عامًا

    The experience of the Presence

    Gravely ill and convinced he was about to die, he recounts praying and experiencing the disappearance of the personal self and a Presence that would guide the rest of his life. A single-witness account he made public thirty years later.

    مرجَّح

  8. 1968 – 1979 · 41 عامًا

    Director of research at Brunswick Hospital

    Directs the hospital's research until 1979.

    موثّق

  9. 1973 · 46 عامًا

    Orthomolecular Psychiatry, with Linus Pauling

    Co-edits with Pauling the volume Orthomolecular Psychiatry: Treatment of Schizophrenia (W. H. Freeman). That same year the American Psychiatric Association publishes a critical report on megavitamin therapies.

    موثّق

  10. 1975 · 48 عامًا

    First experiments with kinesiology

    According to Power vs. Force, he begins investigating the kinesiological muscle response as an indicator of truth and falsehood.

    مرجَّح

  11. 1979 · 52 عامًا

    Move to Sedona

    He settles in Sedona; in 1980 he gives up psychiatric practice and becomes director emeritus of the North Nassau centre.

    موثّق

  12. 1983 · 56 عامًا

    Institute for Spiritual Research

    Founds the Institute for Spiritual Research, Inc., a non-profit that supports Veritas Publishing.

    موثّق

  13. 1995 · 68 عامًا

    Power vs. Force and doctorate

    Publishes Power vs. Force with Veritas and obtains a doctorate from Columbia Pacific University, an unaccredited school closed by court order in 2000.

    موثّق

  14. 2000 · 73 عامًا

    Honorary title in Korea

    Receives in Seoul the title of “teacher of enlightenment” (Tae Ryoung Sun Kak Dosa).

    موثّق

  15. 2001 · 74 عامًا

    The Eye of the I

    Second volume of the trilogy, in which he narrates his states of consciousness in the first person.

    موثّق

  16. 2003 · 76 عامًا

    I: Reality and Subjectivity and devotional nonduality

    Completes the trilogy and founds the pathway of “devotional nonduality”.

    موثّق

  17. 2006 · 79 عامًا

    Orthomolecular Medicine Hall of Fame

    Inducted into the Orthomolecular Medicine Hall of Fame and named a Distinguished Life Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association for fifty years of membership.

    موثّق

  18. سبتمبر 2011 · 84 عامًا

    Last major lecture, on love

    Some 1,700 people attend his lecture on love, regarded by his publisher as the culmination of his work.

    موثّق

  19. 19 سبتمبر 2012 · 85 عامًا

    Death in Sedona

    Dies at home shortly after completing Letting Go: The Pathway of Surrender.

    موثّق

  20. 3 يونيو 2025

    Authorised biography

    Hay House publishes The Man Who Mapped Consciousness by his widow, Susan Hawkins.

    موثّق

المؤلَّفات

المؤلَّفات الأساسية

المؤلَّفات التي لا يُفهم إرثه من دونها.

Power vs. Force — David R. Hawkins

مؤلَّف مكتوب · 1995

Power vs. Force

Power vs. Force: The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior

His most widely read book and the foundation of all his later work. It sets out the 'map of consciousness', a logarithmic scale from 1 to 1000 on which every human attitude — from shame (20) through pride (175), courage (200) and love (500) to enlightenment (700–1000) — would have a 'calibratable' value, and argues that the muscle test of applied kinesiology can tell true from false. It distinguishes power, which arises from truth and need oppose nothing, from force, which imposes itself and breeds counter-force, and applies the distinction to politics, art, sport, business and health. These are the author's claims: controlled studies have not confirmed the validity of muscle testing as a truth detector, and the scale lacks independent verification. Translated into more than twenty-five languages, it is both a classic of its genre and one of its most disputed books.

16 طبعة · amazon.com

The Eye of the I — David R. Hawkins

مؤلَّف مكتوب · 2001

The Eye of the I

The Eye of the I: From Which Nothing Is Hidden

The second book of the trilogy and the most personal: Hawkins describes in the first person the states he says he lived through from 1965 — the dissolution of the self, the Presence, years of being unable to function — and answers readers and audiences in question-and-answer form. It contains the autobiographical note that thereafter closed his books. It is a self-report: no one else can corroborate those states, and the author presents them as evidence of his authority.

8 طبعات · amazon.com

Transcending the Levels of Consciousness — David R. Hawkins

مؤلَّف مكتوب · 2006

Transcending the Levels of Consciousness

Transcending the Levels of Consciousness: The Stairway to Enlightenment

A systematic, level-by-level tour of the map of consciousness: for each stage — shame, guilt, apathy, fear, desire, anger, pride, courage, neutrality, acceptance, reason, love, joy, peace — it describes how it is lived, what sustains it and how to move beyond it. It is the most didactic of his books and the one most used as a practical manual. The figures for each level and their supposed kinesiological verification remain the author's claims, without external validation.

5 طبعات · amazon.com

Letting Go: The Pathway of Surrender — David R. Hawkins

مؤلَّف مكتوب · 2012

Letting Go: The Pathway of Surrender

Completed shortly before his death and published in 2012, it is his most practical book and probably the most recommended today. It proposes a simple technique: notice an emotion or impulse, let it be without resisting, judging or acting on it, and allow it to run its course. It applies the method to guilt, fear, anger, pride, relationships, health and work, drawing on examples from his clinical practice. Though it mentions the levels of consciousness, it can be read without accepting calibration, which is why it is also cited by readers sceptical of the rest of his work.

10 طبعات · amazon.com

الأقوال

أقوال محدَّدة الموضع في مؤلَّف بعينه. كل منها يحمل مصدره ودرجة الثقة به.

Force always moves against something, whereas power doesn't move against anything at all.

متحقَّق منهPower vs. Force (Hay House, 2002); localizada en el texto completo del ejemplar powervsforcehidd00hawk (Internet Archive)

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الأفكار الجوهرية (خلاصة تحريرية)

احترامًا لحقوق المؤلف، تُلخَّص هذه الأفكار بكلماتنا ولا تُقدَّم بوصفها اقتباسات حرفية.

  • Human consciousness could be ordered on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 1000; below 200 destructive attitudes prevail (shame, guilt, fear, anger, pride) and above it life-supporting ones (courage, acceptance, reason, love, peace). It is his central thesis and has not been independently validated.
  • Authentic power derives from true principles and need not impose itself; force, by contrast, demands justification, provokes resistance and eventually exhausts itself.
  • Emotions that are suppressed or expressed unconsciously accumulate; if they are observed and allowed to be without resistance, they discharge and lose their hold on the person.
  • The ego is not an enemy to be defeated but a structure inherited from animal evolution that is transcended through humility, surrender and devotion.
  • Personal transformation influences others more than any speech: what a person becomes has repercussions throughout their surroundings.
  • Recovery from addiction and many illnesses depends, in his view, on a change of inner attitude; hence his esteem for the twelve-step programmes of Alcoholics Anonymous as an effective spiritual path.
  • The most direct spiritual path would be devotion joined to nonduality: surrendering every thought, desire and position to God until the personal self no longer intervenes.

الكلمات الأخيرة

لا توجد سجلات يمكن التحقق منها لكلماته الأخيرة.

There is no reliable record of any last words. The obituary published by the International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine says only that he died “peacefully” at his home in Sedona on 19 September 2012, after completing a series of recorded dialogues and his book Letting Go. Neither Veritas Publishing nor the 2025 authorised biography (not consulted in full text) records, as far as verified, any attributed final words.

المصدر: «In Memoriam: David R. Hawkins, 1927–2012». Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 27 (4), 2012, pp. 187–188 (International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine).

اسأل

بماذا يجيب أثره

اثنا عشر سؤالًا كبيرًا من أسئلة الإنسانية، وما تتيح نصوصه الإجابة به عنها، مع المراجع. ولا نقوّله ما لم يقل أبدًا.

  • ما المطلق؟ هل الله موجود؟

    Divinity is immanent as the Self and transcendent as the Unmanifest

    شخصي وغير شخصي معًايقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins, a psychiatrist who reports having passed through states of enlightenment, speaks openly of God and describes Him in two registers. In The Eye of the I (2001) and I: Reality and Subjectivity (2003) he presents Divinity as the Unmanifest, the formless source of all existence, and at the same time as the Presence experienced as one's own Self when identification with the ego ceases: God transcendent and God immanent are the same Reality. He distinguishes this Divinity from images of a wrathful or judging God, which he attributes to low levels of consciousness and ego projections. His work keeps the vocabulary of devotion — grace, surrender, love of God — so that the divine has a face to which one surrenders and a formless ground in which the self dissolves.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • من أنا؟ هل توجد ذات حقيقية؟

    The small self is the ego; the true Self is the divine Presence

    الذات هي المطلقيقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins distinguishes typographically between the self, identified with the body, the mind and its positions, and the capitalised Self, which he describes as the Presence of Divinity within. In The Eye of the I (2001) he recounts how, in his experience, the personal self vanished and a boundless awareness remained that belonged to no one. The ego, for him, is a set of programmes, attachments and positionalities that feeds on its own gratifications; it is not to be fought but surrendered. On his map of levels of consciousness, enlightenment corresponds to the dissolution of identification with the small self and the recognition of the Self as identical with Divinity. Unlike Buddhist non-self, he holds that behind the ego there is a real Self, and he unhesitatingly calls it God immanent.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • لماذا نتألّم؟

    The ego clings to positions and emotions; releasing them reveals the Self's peace

    الجهل بما نحن عليهيقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins attributes suffering to identification with the ego and its contents. In Letting Go (2012) he describes how suppressed feelings accumulate — fear, guilt, anger, pride — which the ego holds on to and projects, and proposes a mechanism of surrender: allowing the feeling to be, without resisting or condemning it, until it is exhausted. In Power vs. Force (1995) he arranges emotions on a scale of levels of consciousness, from shame and guilt at the bottom to love, joy and peace at the top, and associates pain with levels dominated by contraction and positionality. The ego, he explains, even derives a secret gratification from its own suffering, which is why it clings to it. Release from pain coincides with the dissolution of that identification and the recognition of the Self.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • ماذا يحدث بعد الموت؟

    The Self does not die; only identification with the body dies

    ما أنا عليه لا يولد ولا يموتيقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins recounts in his books several near-death experiences and a state of enlightenment in which, he says, the fear of dying vanished because it became clear that life cannot be extinguished. He holds that what fears death is the ego, which identifies with the body and its linear continuity; the Presence or Self has neither beginning nor end and is not affected by the disappearance of the body. In The Eye of the I and in I: Reality and Subjectivity he describes physical death as the leaving of a vehicle and the fear of it as one of the last attachments the seeker must surrender. At the same time, Hawkins accepts the continuity of the spirit and of karma: the level of consciousness reached in a life determines, in his view, the soul's destiny after death.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • كيف يُبلَغ التحرّر أو الخلاص؟

    Surrender the ego to God by letting go; the final step comes by grace

    بالتعبّد والتسليميقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins describes enlightenment as the top of a scale of levels of consciousness he presented in Power vs. Force. Ascending it does not consist in accumulating knowledge but in letting go: surrendering, one after another, the ego's positions, desires and judgements. In Letting Go he sets out that mechanism of surrender as applied to emotions, and in his later works he speaks of a «devotional nonduality», in which humility, surrender to God and prayer are the driving force of progress. Hawkins holds that the final step, the dissolution of the sense of a separate self, is not carried out by the ego, which cannot abolish itself, and comes as grace when surrender is complete.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • هل نحتاج إلى معلّم؟

    The teacher helps through presence and teaching; one must discern his truth

    مفيد لكنه ليس ضروريًايُستنتج من تعاليمه

    David R. Hawkins attributed to realised teachers a real effect on those who approach them: in his scheme, the field of consciousness of a high-level teacher favours the raising of others. That is why he considered valuable the teaching of history's great masters and of anyone who has walked the path. At the same time, he warned against false teachers and proposed discerning their degree of truth, using his calibration method, before following them. His later works, such as The Eye of the I, present his own experience as teaching, but insist that truth is only realised inwardly, through surrendering one's own ego, something no one can do for another.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • هل العالم حقيقي؟

    The perceived world is the ego's projection; in its essence all is perfect

    ظاهرٌ فوق الحقيقة الواحدةيُستنتج من تعاليمه

    David R. Hawkins distinguishes between the world as the egoic mind perceives it and what it is in its essence. The perceived world, with its conflicts, causes and evaluations, would largely be a projection of the ego's positionality: by labelling and judging, the mind builds a scene it takes for reality. When that positionality dissolves, as he describes in The Eye of the I on the basis of his own experience, the world is revealed as an expression of Divinity, in which everything is perfect as it is and nothing happens by linear causality. Ultimate reality is consciousness itself, and the world is its apparent content.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • ما الحب؟

    Love is a level of consciousness that arises when the ego is released

    ما يظهر حين تتوقّف الأنايقوله صراحةً

    In the map of consciousness he proposes in Power vs. Force, David R. Hawkins places love at a high level of his scale, above reason, and unconditional love somewhat higher, as the antechamber of joy and peace. He distinguishes this love from the romantic or dependent feeling that the culture calls love and which, in his view, belongs to lower levels, mixed with desire, pride or fear of loss. True love does not centre on an object: it is a way of being in the world that perceives what is essential and valuable in everything, forgives easily and does not judge. Hawkins holds that it is not reached by effort but by surrendering the ego's positions, judgements and attachments; what remains when they are released is love, which at higher levels is recognised as the very nature of Divinity.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • هل نحن أحرار أم أن كل شيء مقدَّر؟

    Nothing causes anything: everything arises spontaneously and the deciding self is an assumption

    لا يوجد فاعليقوله صراحةً

    In his mature works, *The Eye of the I* (2001) and *I: Reality and Subjectivity* (2003), Hawkins holds that linear causality is a construct of the mind and that, from enlightened consciousness, everything happens spontaneously as an expression of the whole. The personal self that believes it decides is an assumption of the ego, which claims authorship of what in fact emerges of itself. At the same time, in *Power vs. Force* (1995) he speaks of choosing between attractor fields of higher or lower consciousness, and encourages that choice as a path of growth. In his scheme both statements belong to different levels: choice holds for those who identify with the self; for the awakened, there is no one who chooses.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • لماذا نتأمّل أو نصلّي؟

    Surrendering every feeling and thought until the Presence is revealed

    أن تكون حاضرًايقوله صراحةً

    Hawkins proposes a path he called «devotional nonduality», set out in *Discovery of the Presence of God* (2006). Rather than a concentration technique, he recommends a contemplative attitude sustained throughout the day: observing the arising of each thought and feeling at the very edge of the present instant and surrendering it, neither resisting nor pursuing it. In *Letting Go* (2012) he systematises that mechanism of surrendering emotions as a practical method. When the mind stops clinging to its contents, he holds, the Presence is revealed, which is not something attained but what has always been there. Prayer, understood as humble surrender to God, is part of the same movement.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • هل يستطيع العقل أن يعرف الحقيقة القصوى؟

    Reason calibrates at 400: necessary, but a ceiling below love

    الحقيقة القصوى وراء العقليقوله صراحةً

    In his *Map of Consciousness*, set out in *Power vs. Force* (1995), Hawkins places reason at level 400, above pride, fear or acceptance, and credits it with the great achievements of science, philosophy and medicine. But he also presents it as a limitation: reason works with concepts, linear causes and data, and cannot step beyond its own domain. The leap to love (500) and beyond, to peace and enlightenment (600 and upwards), requires giving up the primacy of the intellect. In *The Eye of the I* he adds that ultimate reality is subjective and cannot be proven, only known by being it. Thought points; realisation is a shift of context, not a conclusion.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين
  • الانسحاب من العالم أم تغييره؟

    Raising one's own consciousness changes the world more than force does

    الثورة داخليةيقوله صراحةً

    David R. Hawkins holds that social and political problems are poorly solved from the level of consciousness that produced them. In Power vs. Force he distinguishes power, which springs from true principles and sustains itself, from force, which must impose itself and generates a counterforce; movements that fight something out of hatred or pride, even when pursuing just ends, reproduce the conflict. That is why the most effective service to the world is to raise one's own consciousness: according to his model, each person who moves towards love and truth counterbalances the weight of many others at lower levels, and humanity advances as a whole. Hawkins does not propose withdrawal: he values work, family and ordinary commitments as a field of surrender. But he distrusts militant activism and places inner transformation before any institutional change.

    قارن هذا السؤال مع معلّمين آخرين

التقارب والتوتّر

التقارب والتوتّر

محسوبة سؤالًا سؤالًا انطلاقًا من مواقفه. وسبب كل اتفاق أو اختلاف يظهر بالنقر.

يختلفان فيخلاف جوهري

David R. Hawkins · The 14th Dalai Lama (Tenzin Gyatso)

Calibrating truth or letting science refute: two attitudes towards evidence

The Dalai Lama states in The Universe in a Single Atom that if scientific investigation conclusively showed a Buddhist claim to be false, it should be abandoned, and he recalls the traditional advice to examine the teaching as a goldsmith examines gold. David R. Hawkins builds in Power vs. Force a Map of Consciousness whose figures, from shame to enlightenment, he obtains through muscle testing, and he uses the same procedure to calibrate the degree of truth of teachings and teachers. Both hold that reason does not exhaust the real, that contemplative experience goes beyond the concept and that love or compassion occupy a higher place. But they differ over what counts as evidence: one submits doctrine to public examination; the other, to a method of his own that has not been validated.

لماذا: The contradiction is real and concerns method. The Dalai Lama speaks from the university tradition of Nalanda, with its developed logic and epistemology, and from decades of dialogue with scientists: he distinguishes what Buddhism says about the mind, which can be tested, from what it affirms about the path. Hawkins, a psychiatrist by training, presents kinesiology as a bridge between science and spirituality, but his procedure lacks independent experimental validation, and the library presents it as doctrine, not as a result. Both agree on the place of reason, necessary but not ultimate; they clash over whether a claim about truth can rest on a measurement no one else can replicate.

يختلفان فيخلاف جوهري

David R. Hawkins · Jiddu Krishnamurti

A ladder of levels versus a pathless land

Hawkins describes enlightenment as the summit of a numbered scale of levels of consciousness, set out in Power vs. Force: reason at 400, love at 500, peace and enlightenment above 600; one ascends by letting go of the ego's positions one after another (Letting Go), and the last step comes by grace. Krishnamurti holds that all psychological becoming is the very problem: the idea of progressing towards a better state is born of thought and time, and strengthens the self that wants to achieve something; truth is a pathless land (Ommen address, 1929) and freedom lies at the beginning, not at the end. Both agree that the ego cannot abolish itself and that liberation is not a conclusion of the intellect.

لماذا: The contradiction is real, though it starts from a shared diagnosis. Hawkins, trained as a psychiatrist and a reader of devotional traditions, offers his readers a map that lets them locate themselves and orient inner work, and his way is surrender. Krishnamurti, raised in the Theosophical Society, with its doctrine of initiations and grades, rejected precisely every spiritual hierarchy: a map of levels would seem to him the subtlest form of ambition. One sees the scale as an aid to letting go; the other, as a trap that turns letting go into another achievement. They agree that no one can do the work for another and that thought is not the goal.

يتّفقان في

David R. Hawkins · Nisargadatta Maharaj

Everything happens and no one does it: the doer as an assumption

Both hold that the self that believes it decides is an assumption. Nisargadatta, in I Am That, answers questions about free will by dismantling the questioner: the person who thinks he chooses is a combination of body, memories and the feeling of existing, what he does is determined by countless causes, and the consciousness in which everything appears does not choose; it witnesses. Hawkins states in The Eye of the I and I: Reality and Subjectivity that linear causality is a construction of the mind and that everything arises spontaneously as an expression of the whole, while the ego claims authorship. Both allow a language of choice for one who still identifies with the person, and both regard it as provisional: on awakening one does not gain a freer will; the one who chose disappears.

لماذا: The affinity comes from a common matrix, non-duality of Vedantic origin, which Nisargadatta received from his lineage and Hawkins adopted in his mature works. No relationship between them is recorded in this library. They differ in register and audience: Nisargadatta speaks in direct conversations, translated from Marathi, with a negative method that discards everything perceived; Hawkins writes books combining his experience, clinical language and a map of levels of consciousness whose calibration basis lacks scientific validation. Hawkins also stresses devotional surrender to God; Nisargadatta stays with pure enquiry into the I am.

حكايات وروايات

حكايات وروايات

شهادة1939

The blizzard

Hawkins recounted that in 1939, aged twelve, he delivered newspapers by bicycle along a seventeen-mile route in rural Wisconsin. One winter night, miles from home, he was caught in a twenty-below-zero blizzard; the bicycle fell over on the ice and the wind ripped the newspapers out of the handlebar basket. He broke through the icy crust of a high snow bank, dug out a space and crawled in. Soon, he writes, the shivering stopped, there was a delicious warmth and then a state of boundless peace and light, a loving presence in which there was no longer body or worry. He was brought back by someone shaking his knee: his father's anxious face appeared. Returning to the body, he says, met great reluctance, and only his father's love and anguish decided it. He told no one for years. The episode opens the autobiographical note of his books from 2001 onwards, which presents it as a foreshadowing of the 1965 experience.

أصل الرواية: It comes solely from Hawkins himself: the 'About the Author' note in The Eye of the I (2001) and later books. There is no independent testimony and no precise date.

المصدر: Hawkins, David R. The Eye of the I: From Which Nothing Is Hidden. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 2001, «About the Author» (nota autobiográfica, reproducida también en Truth vs. Falsehood, 2005; Transcending the Levels of Consciousness, 2006; Healing and Recovery, 2009; Letting Go, 2012). Consultado mediante la búsqueda de texto completo de Internet Archive (ejemplar eyeofi0000hawk).

شهادةc. 1965

The atheist's prayer

Around 1965, aged thirty-eight and practising psychiatry in New York, Hawkins was suffering, as he wrote, from a progressive illness that did not respond to any available treatment: at that age he knew he was 'in extremis' and about to die. Although he considered himself an atheist, a question crossed his mind — what if there is a God? — and he turned it into a prayer: if there was a God, he asked Him for help. From that moment, he says, everything ceased and the personal self disappeared, replaced by an infinite Presence that thereafter governed his life. The same note states that he came to have the largest psychiatric clinical practice in New York City, that the state later led him to withdraw into seclusion for several years to research the nature of consciousness, and that he did not mention the experience for over thirty years, until the publication of Power vs. Force. It is the core of his authority as a teacher and, at the same time, an account with no source but himself.

أصل الرواية: Autobiographical note in his books from 2001 (The Eye of the I onwards). No medical records or witnesses are known that would allow the illness or the experience to be checked.

المصدر: Hawkins, David R. The Eye of the I: From Which Nothing Is Hidden. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 2001, «About the Author» (nota autobiográfica, reproducida también en Truth vs. Falsehood, 2005; Transcending the Levels of Consciousness, 2006; Healing and Recovery, 2009; Letting Go, 2012). Consultado mediante la búsqueda de texto completo de Internet Archive (ejemplar eyeofi0000hawk).

موثّق2000s

Scepticism 'calibrates' at 160

When the writer Robert Todd Carroll included Hawkins in The Skeptic's Dictionary and attributed his muscle-testing demonstrations to the ideomotor effect — the small involuntary movements by which tester and tested unknowingly confirm what they expect — the response from his circle was not a blind experiment. Veritas Publishing's FAQ page replied that scepticism is a 'negative' attitude that calibrates at 160, below the threshold of integrity, and that The Skeptic's Dictionary calibrates exactly the same; it adds that scepticism is unable to comprehend nonlinear reality. The same page states that the technique is reliable only if the practitioners and their intention calibrate above 200. The episode illustrates the problem critics point out: the method is used to disqualify whoever questions it, and the precondition makes it impossible to refute.

أصل الرواية: Documented on Veritas Publishing's 'FAQs' page ('Critics' and 'Kinesiology' sections) and in the 'Applied kinesiology' entry of The Skeptic's Dictionary (s20).

المصدر: Veritas Publishing. «FAQs» (incluye «Critics: Clarification of Consciousness Research», normas sobre grupos de estudio, derechos del Map of Consciousness® y el Institute for Spiritual Research, Inc.).

لا يمكن التحقق منه1990s–2000s

Mother Teresa's praise

In the promotion of his books it is repeatedly said that Mother Teresa of Calcutta praised Hawkins's work, often alongside the name of Wayne Dyer. The Spanish publisher, for instance, presents La sabiduría del Dr. David R. Hawkins by saying that the author was extolled by both for his research and teachings. Among readers the idea circulates that the nun wrote him a letter after reading Power vs. Force. The praise acts as a moral endorsement for a work disputed by science, so it is worth separating what is on record from what is repeated: the mention appears in publishers' and promotional texts, but this research has not located the text of a letter, its date or a verifiable reproduction.

أصل الرواية: It appears in promotional texts (e.g. the El Grano de Mostaza page for La sabiduría del Dr. David R. Hawkins). Neither the letter nor its provenance has been found; it remains pending.

المصدر: Ediciones El Grano de Mostaza (Barcelona), catálogo de libros de David R. Hawkins en español (fichas con ISBN como SKU).

موثّق2010s–2025

The biography the publisher disowned

Scott Jeffrey had prepared the two 2011 anthologies for Hay House, Along the Path to Enlightenment and Dissolving the Ego, Realizing the Self, and ran a website, the Consciousness Project, devoted to Hawkins's work. After the teacher's death he wrote a biography. According to Veritas's FAQ page, Hay House, which had contracted it, decided not to publish it, and Jeffrey chose to self-publish; the family's publisher states that it no longer has any association with him or his website and does not endorse the book. In 2025 Hay House published the authorised biography written by Susan Hawkins. The episode shows how closely Veritas and the Institute for Spiritual Research guard the author's image: the same page warns that no study group or website is authorised or supervised by them.

أصل الرواية: Statement by Veritas Publishing on its 'FAQs' page (consulted 2026-10-25). Not checked against Scott Jeffrey's version; title and date of his book pending.

المصدر: Veritas Publishing. «FAQs» (incluye «Critics: Clarification of Consciousness Research», normas sobre grupos de estudio, derechos del Map of Consciousness® y el Institute for Spiritual Research, Inc.).

التعاليم

التعاليم

المفاهيم التي ينتظم بها فكره، مشروحة في سياقها.

Map of Consciousnessmap-of-consciousness
A scale Hawkins presented in Power vs. Force (1995) and developed in all his later books. It orders human attitudes and states on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 1000: shame (20), guilt (30), apathy (50), grief (75), fear (100), desire (125), anger (150), pride (175), courage (200), neutrality (250), willingness (310), acceptance (350), reason (400), love (500), joy (540), peace (600) and enlightenment (700–1000). Each level would have a dominant emotion, a view of God and of life and its own 'energy field'; the threshold of 200 would mark the passage from force to power, from the destructive to the life-supporting. According to the author, the values are obtained by 'calibrating' with the muscle test, which is why he assigned figures to people, books, works of art or nations. It should be read as a moral and spiritual typology proposed by him: as a description of attitudes it is intuitive and many readers find it useful, but its figures do not come from any reproducible measurement, the scale has not been validated by independent studies, and the 'proven' label on some editions is a marketing formula. The Institute for Spiritual Research registered it as a trademark (Map of Consciousness®) and restricts reproduction of its tables.

It combines the hierarchy of needs of humanistic psychology, the emotional scales of self-help movements and the traditional idea of degrees of spiritual realisation.

المصدر: Hawkins, David R. Power vs. Force: The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 1995; ed. revisada, Carlsbad: Hay House, 2002; «Author's Official Authoritative Edition», Hay House, 2012.

Calibration by muscle testingcalibration-muscle-testing
The procedure by which Hawkins claimed to measure truth. It takes applied kinesiology, a diagnostic system created in 1964 by the chiropractor George Goodheart and popularised by John Diamond, and turns it into a universal detector: one person extends an arm, another presses on it while a statement is made, and the muscle's strength or weakness would indicate whether the statement is true or false, or what level it reaches on his scale. Hawkins held that it works because the individual mind is connected to an all-knowing field of consciousness, and that it is reliable only if the participants and their intention are above 200. The evidence does not bear him out. The review by Hall and colleagues (2008) found no evidence that applied kinesiology has diagnostic value; a 2014 randomised double-blind trial obtained hit rates equivalent to chance; and the studies by Jensen and colleagues (2016), which record some ability to tell true from false sentences under controlled conditions, place it far from the infallibility he attributed to the method. Critics explain the public demonstrations by the ideomotor effect. The 200-threshold clause makes the theory unfalsifiable: any failure can be blamed on the tester's level.

The author's claim; the scientific assessment is summarised with sources s8, s9, s10, s11 and s20.

المصدر: Hall, S.; Lewith, G.; Brien, S.; Little, P. «A review of the literature in applied and specialised kinesiology». Forschende Komplementärmedizin 15 (1), 2008, pp. 40–46. doi:10.1159/000112820. PMID 18334813.

Power and forcepower-and-force
The distinction that gives his best-known book its title. Force is imposition: it needs justification, is directed against something, generates a counter-force and eventually exhausts itself; he associates it with pride, anger, manipulation and coercion. Power is the capacity that derives from true principles — dignity, freedom, compassion, integrity — and that need oppose nothing, just as a gravitational field does not push. Hawkins illustrates the distinction with Gandhi against the British Empire, with great statesmen against tyrants, and with advertising and sport. Beyond its anchoring in calibration, the idea belongs to a long ethical tradition — non-violence, Taoist wu wei, moral authority versus coercion — and it is the part of his work that has circulated most widely outside spiritual circles, in leadership and management.

Set out in Power vs. Force (1995) and taken up again in Success Is for You (2016).

المصدر: Hawkins, David R. Power vs. Force: The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 1995; ed. revisada, Carlsbad: Hay House, 2002; «Author's Official Authoritative Edition», Hay House, 2012.

Letting go (surrender)letting-go-surrender
A technique he set out at length in Letting Go (2012), though he had been teaching it for decades. It consists in becoming aware of a feeling, allowing it to come up, staying with it without judging, resisting or acting on it, and letting it run its course until it is exhausted; when thoughts arise, they are let pass and attention returns to the feeling. For Hawkins thoughts are rationalisations of accumulated emotions, so releasing the emotion dissolves hundreds of thoughts at once. He distinguishes this process from suppression, uncontrolled expression and escape, and applies it to anxiety, guilt, desire, relationships and health. It has an evident kinship with contemporary acceptance and mindfulness practices and with emotional-release methods such as Lester Levenson's, and it is the part of his teaching that can be practised without adhering to the scale of levels; its efficacy, like that of other self-help techniques, has not been assessed in specific studies.

The practical core of his late work; it connects with surrender to God in the devotional path.

المصدر: Internet Archive, búsqueda de texto completo (servicio FTS) sobre ejemplares digitalizados de bibliotecas: powervsforcehidd00hawk (Hay House, 2002), eyeofi0000hawk (Veritas, 2001), i00hawk (Veritas, 2003), lettinggopathway0000hawk (Veritas, 2012), alongpathtoenlig0000hawk (Hay House, 2011).

Devotional nondualitydevotional-nonduality
The name he gave in 2003 to his own spiritual path. It joins two currents often presented as opposed: the nonduality of Advaita Vedanta and Zen, according to which the separate self is an illusion and ultimate reality is one, and the devotion to a personal God of Christian mysticism and bhakti. In practice it proposes surrendering to God, moment by moment, every thought, desire, opinion and attachment, with humility and without seeking results, until identification with the personal self dissolves and only the Presence remains. It stresses integrity, kindness to all that lives and prayer, and advises against following teachers who claim money, power or devotion for themselves. He presents his own experience as proof that this path leads to enlightenment, a claim that by its nature cannot be verified.

Set out in I: Reality and Subjectivity (2003) and Discovery of the Presence of God (2006).

المصدر: Veritas Publishing. «Dr. David R. Hawkins» (biografía oficial, educación, premios y fundaciones). veritaspub.com.

الخلوات

خلوات ومراكز

أماكن ولقاءات مرتبطة بتعليمه. نضعك على تواصل مع من ينظّمها.

  • Grupos locales en varios países y por Zoom · Internacional

    David R. Hawkins study groups

    Veritas Publishing (directorio)

    Veritas Publishing, the Sedona publisher of David R. Hawkins's work, maintains a directory of study groups devoted to his books and his Map of Consciousness. Groups are listed by their own organisers, can be searched by country or postcode and include online options by video call; the same website explains how to start a new one. These are not retreats led by the organisation but gatherings of readers. Veritas also offers a streaming video library with the lecture series, dialogues and satsangs Hawkins gave between 2002 and 2011, the most direct record of his teaching.

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مقاطع الفيديو

مقاطع الفيديو

تسجيلات ومقابلات وأفلام وثائقية. تُشغَّل مقاطع الفيديو من YouTube؛ ولا تُستضاف هنا.

المعرض

المعرض

صور بترخيص متحقَّق منه. كل منها تحتفظ بمؤلّفها ونسبتها.

العلاقات

العلاقات

تأثيرات وتلمذة وتقارب في الأفكار. تُميَّز العلاقة الموثّقة عن التشابه المستخلَص بالتحليل.

  • التقى بـ

    Linus Pauling

    They co-edited Orthomolecular Psychiatry: Treatment of Schizophrenia (W. H. Freeman, 1973).

    علاقة موثّقة

  • تأثّر بـ

    George J. Goodheart

    Hawkins took from Goodheart's applied kinesiology (and its populariser John Diamond) the muscle test on which he based calibration.

    علاقة موثّقة

  • من عائلة

    Susan Hawkins

    His wife; she presides over the Institute for Spiritual Research and wrote the authorised biography (2025).

    علاقة موثّقة

  • أفكار قريبة من

    Ramana Maharshi

    Both locate realisation in the recognition of the Self and the disappearance of the personal self; Hawkins adds a Christian devotional component.

    تشابه مستخلَص بالتحليل

  • أفكار قريبة من

    Nisargadatta Maharaj

    Affinity in the thesis that the personal 'I am' is a transient identification to be transcended.

    تشابه مستخلَص بالتحليل

  • معاصر لـ

    Eckhart Tolle

    Contemporaries read by the same public; both narrate a sudden dissolution of the self at a moment of crisis and propose letting go of identification with the mind.

    تشابه مستخلَص بالتحليل

المصادر

المصادر

المراجع والفهارس التي رُوجعت لهذه الصفحة.

  1. Boulder Book Store, ficha de «The Final Doorway to Enlightenment: Prayer, Transcendence, and Realization of the Self» (Hay House LLC, 2026, 176 pp., ISBN 9781401977160).
  2. Wikidata, «David R. Hawkins», QID Q1176226 (VIAF 29784455; LCCN no96037139; ISNI 0000000110496765).
  3. Veritas Publishing. «Dr. David R. Hawkins» (biografía oficial, educación, premios y fundaciones). veritaspub.com.
  4. «In Memoriam: David R. Hawkins, 1927–2012». Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 27 (4), 2012, pp. 187–188 (International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine).
  5. Hawkins, David R. The Eye of the I: From Which Nothing Is Hidden. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 2001, «About the Author» (nota autobiográfica, reproducida también en Truth vs. Falsehood, 2005; Transcending the Levels of Consciousness, 2006; Healing and Recovery, 2009; Letting Go, 2012). Consultado mediante la búsqueda de texto completo de Internet Archive (ejemplar eyeofi0000hawk).
  6. Hawkins, David R. Power vs. Force: The Hidden Determinants of Human Behavior. Sedona: Veritas Publishing, 1995; ed. revisada, Carlsbad: Hay House, 2002; «Author's Official Authoritative Edition», Hay House, 2012.
  7. Hawkins, David R., y Linus Pauling (eds.). Orthomolecular Psychiatry: Treatment of Schizophrenia. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1973. ISBN 0716708981.
  8. Veritas Publishing. «FAQs» (incluye «Critics: Clarification of Consciousness Research», normas sobre grupos de estudio, derechos del Map of Consciousness® y el Institute for Spiritual Research, Inc.).
  9. Hall, S.; Lewith, G.; Brien, S.; Little, P. «A review of the literature in applied and specialised kinesiology». Forschende Komplementärmedizin 15 (1), 2008, pp. 40–46. doi:10.1159/000112820. PMID 18334813.
  10. Schwartz, S. A.; Utts, J.; Spottiswoode, S. J. et al. «A double-blind, randomized study to assess the validity of applied kinesiology (AK) as a diagnostic tool and as a nonlocal proximity effect». Explore 10 (2), 2014, pp. 99–108. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2013.12.002. PMID 24607076.
  11. Jensen, A. M.; Stevens, R. J.; Burls, A. J. «Estimating the accuracy of muscle response testing: two randomised-order blinded studies». BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 16, 2016, art. 492. doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1416-2. PMID 27903263.
  12. Kenney, J. J.; Clemens, R.; Forsythe, K. D. «Applied kinesiology unreliable for assessing nutrient status». Journal of the American Dietetic Association 88 (6), 1988, pp. 698–704. PMID 3372923.
  13. Wikipedia (en). «Columbia Pacific University» (centro a distancia no acreditado, fundado en 1978 y cerrado por orden judicial en California en 2000).
  14. Wikipedia (de). «David R. Hawkins». Consultado como índice de fechas y obras, contrastado con s2 y s3.
  15. Hay House. «David R. Hawkins, M.D., Ph.D.» (ficha de autor y catálogo).
  16. Hay House. «Hay House Partner Program» — aviso de cierre del programa de afiliación (octubre de 2021).
  17. Hawkins, Susan. The Man Who Mapped Consciousness: The Life and Legacy of Dr. David R. Hawkins, The Authorized Biography. Carlsbad: Hay House, 2025. ISBN 9781401979577.
  18. Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, catálogo (SRU), registros de «Hawkins, David R.» (14 registros).
  19. Bibliothèque nationale de France, catálogo general (SRU), registros de David R. Hawkins.
  20. Open Library, registros de obra y edición de David R. Hawkins (OL6212873W, OL19764617W, OL20655237W, etc.).
  21. Carroll, Robert Todd. «Applied kinesiology». The Skeptic's Dictionary (skepdic.com), con sección dedicada a David Hawkins.
  22. Hyman, Ray. «The Mischief-Making of Ideomotor Action». The Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine 3 (2), 1999 (citado por s20 a propósito de las demostraciones de kinesiología aplicada).
  23. American Psychiatric Association. Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry. Task Force Report 7. Washington, D. C.: APA, 1973.
  24. Chitai-gorod (Читай-город), fichas de catálogo de las ediciones rusas de David R. Hawkins (Весь, Ганга, АСТ, Эксмо).
  25. Macrolibrarsi / Macro Edizioni, ficha de «Il potere dei condizionamenti» (EAN 9788828538264).
  26. Veritas Publishing. Catálogo de libros (books).
  27. Veritas Publishing. Canal oficial de YouTube «Veritas Publishing – Dr. David R. Hawkins».
  28. Goodreads, listas de ediciones por obra de David R. Hawkins (autor 11784), con ISBN, editorial, fecha y lengua de cada edición; consultadas obra por obra (p. ej. work/editions/20996, 21908238, 24296–24304).
  29. Ediciones El Grano de Mostaza (Barcelona), catálogo de libros de David R. Hawkins en español (fichas con ISBN como SKU).
  30. Internet Archive, búsqueda de texto completo (servicio FTS) sobre ejemplares digitalizados de bibliotecas: powervsforcehidd00hawk (Hay House, 2002), eyeofi0000hawk (Veritas, 2001), i00hawk (Veritas, 2003), lettinggopathway0000hawk (Veritas, 2012), alongpathtoenlig0000hawk (Hay House, 2011).
  31. Penguin Random House, ficha de «My Journey of Light with Dr. David R. Hawkins», de Susan Hawkins (Hay House, 2026).
صاحب الحقوق
Herederos de David R. Hawkins (copyright a nombre del autor) a través de Veritas Publishing, editorial propia sostenida por el Institute for Spiritual Research, Inc. (Sedona, Arizona), que custodia además las marcas Map of Consciousness® y prohíbe reproducir sus tablas; Hay House publica bajo licencia la mayor parte de las ediciones en inglés desde 2002.
الموقع الرسمي
veritaspub.com

في انتظار التأكيد

ما لم تتمكّن هذه الصفحة من حسمه بعد. نفضّل أن نقول ذلك على أن نملأ الفراغ.

  • Retrato: no hay ninguna fotografía de David R. Hawkins con licencia libre en Wikimedia Commons (búsqueda del 2026-10-25; Wikidata Q1176226 sin P18). Las tres imágenes son de lugares y de Linus Pauling; ninguna se marca como principal. Pedir a Veritas Publishing / Institute for Spiritual Research una imagen con licencia o permiso.
  • Tesis doctoral de 1995 (Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis and Calibration of the Level of Human Consciousness): localizar el registro bibliográfico (Columbia Pacific University / posible edición de Veritas) y su ISBN, si lo tiene.
  • Localizar ISBN de las ediciones en ruso de Power vs. Force («Сила против силы», editoriales Весь y АСТ) y de Eye of the I / Transcending; solo se ha verificado «Отпускание» (Ганга, 2018). Fuente de partida: Chitai-gorod (s23).
  • Localizar ediciones italianas distintas de Il potere dei condizionamenti (Macro Edizioni), p. ej. de Letting Go, y ediciones hindi y árabes de las obras principales (solo se han verificado dos árabes: Letting Go y I).
  • Ediciones españolas sin ISBN localizado: The Ego Is Not the Real You, In the World But Not of It, The Highest Level of Enlightenment («El nivel más alto de iluminación» figura en Goodreads sin ISBN), Along the Path to Enlightenment. Año de publicación de «La explicación del mapa de la conciencia», «La evolución de la conciencia» y «El hombre que creó el mapa de la conciencia» (El Grano de Mostaza).
  • Edición española de Realidad, espiritualidad y el hombre moderno: el catálogo de la editorial da 9788412295696 y Goodreads 9788412312430; confirmar si son dos ediciones (papel y digital).
  • Fecha exacta de salida de The Final Doorway to Enlightenment (Hay House, 2026): los catálogos dan 13 de enero y 4 de agosto de 2026. ISBN de My Journey of Light de Susan Hawkins (9798318604577 o 9781837826681 según el vendedor).
  • Grabaciones de audio y vídeo: Veritas vende decenas de conferencias en CD/DVD y streaming (series mensuales 2002–2011, «Office Visit Series», «The Highest Level of Enlightenment» en audio, etc.); solo se han registrado como obras tres títulos de audio. Inventario completo en https://veritaspub.com/.
  • Carta o elogio de la Madre Teresa a Power vs. Force: localizar texto, fecha y procedencia; hoy solo consta en textos promocionales (anécdota marcada como unverifiable).
  • Título y fecha de la biografía autopublicada por Scott Jeffrey que Veritas desautoriza en sus FAQ.
  • Confirmar autoría de «Dialogues on Consciousness and Spirituality» (Veritas, 1998) y su contenido, que no se ha podido consultar.
  • Leer la biografía autorizada de Susan Hawkins (2025) para contrastar fechas (enfermedad de c. 1965, traslado a Sedona, título coreano) y posibles últimas palabras.
  • Buscar vídeos oficiales insertables: casi todos los del canal Veritas Publishing tienen la inserción desactivada (oEmbed 401); hay una conferencia en coreano de 2000 mencionada en The Eye of the I sin localizar.
  • Sala de lectura (2026-10-25): ninguna obra de Hawkins (m. 2012) es de dominio público; derechos de Veritas Publishing / Institute for Spiritual Research y Hay House hasta 2083 (UE, 70 años) y más allá en EE. UU. para las obras posteriores a 1977. Sin reading_texts.
  • Vídeos (2026-10-25): añadidos 6 (4 de Veritas insertables, 2 mesas redondas de El Grano de Mostaza); la mayoría de los vídeos del canal Veritas siguen con la inserción desactivada. La entrevista con Oprah Winfrey que circula en YouTube está en un canal de aficionado y no se incluye.
  • Obras (2026-10-25): cotejo con Open Library sin obras nuevas. Registros atribuidos por error a este autor en Open Library y descartados: Biotransformations (1992–1993, otro David R. Hawkins, químico), The Little Book of Letting Go (2000, de Hugh Prather), Journey Together (Harvest House, 2021) y Side by Side (2009), de homónimos; Ultimate Dr. David Hawkins Library (2022) es un lote de libros, no una obra.

بُحث بتاريخ 2026-10-25