3

3. ' (A twice-born man) who does not know the

view. KrzshwapaTwfita's text shows two important various readings, ' bhrz'tibhavena ' and " ra^abhishikena/ which I think are merely conjectures, unsupported by the authority of MSS. He explains the verse as follows: ' The king shall destroy, i.e. himself not take, the interest on money by giving [it away] as a salary. But, after thus giving away interest received, he may increase his capital by [an extra tax imposed on] the cultivators, i. e. take from them the highest rate, consisting of one-fourth of the produce/

51. Gautama XII, 29; Colebrooke I, Dig. XXIV. The rule given in this Sutra refers, as Krz'srmapa^ita correctly states, to loans, for which security is given. The rate is 1^ per cent for the month, or 15 per annum; see the note to Gautama loc. cit. Manu, VIII, 140, especially mentions that this rate is prescribed by Vasish/^a.

III. 1. I read <Sudrasadharma#a^, 'equal to -Sudras/ instead of judrakarma^a^, which occurs in MS. B. only. Krzsh«apa«(fita explains the latter reading by judravatkarma yeshu te judravatte- shva£ara«iyamityartha/$, ' shall be treated like -Sudras/ But the verses quoted in the following Sutras show that the former reading is the better one.

3. This and the following nine verses are, as the word 'iti/ which the best MSS. give at the end of Sutra 12, quotations.

IH, 8. THE DUTY OF STUDYING THE VEDA. 1 7

Veda (can)not be (called) a Brahma^a, nor he who lives by trade, nor he who (lives as) an actor, nor he who obeys a 6udra's commands, nor (he who like) a thief (takes the property of others), nor he who makes his living by the practice of medicine.'