I. ENGLISH · 8

Noumenios, 19

Nous, 309 sq.

Numbers, Pythagorean, 331 sqq.; triangular, square, and oblong, 114

Obliquity of the ecliptic (zodiac), 52, 82, 401

Observation, 29 sq., 73 sq.

Octave, 118

Opposites, 56, 186 sq., 225, 235, 266, 305

Oriental influences, 17 sqq.

Orphicism, 5, 9 sqq., 87 sq., 95 n. 195, 109 n. 229, 194, 221, 232, 257 n. 571, 258 n. 573

Parmenides, 192 sqq.; on Herakleitos, 143, 198 n. 438, 204 sq., 210; and Pythagoreanism, 210 sqq.

Pausanias, 234 n. 523, 238

Pentagram, 343

Perception, Parmenides, 202 n. 447, 222; Alkmaion, 223 sq.; Empedokles, 284 sq.; Anaxagoras, 316 sq.; Leukippos, 401 sq.; Diogenes of Apollonia, 414

Perikles and Zeno, 193; and Anaxagoras, 294 sq.; and Melissos, 369

Petron, 65, 121

Pherekydes of Syros, 9, 87

Philistion, 234 n. 523, 235 n. 526 and 527, 266 n. 587, 288 n. 645, 356 n. 850

Philo of Byblos, 19 n. 27

Philo Judaeus, 18, 158, 185

Philodemos, 50 n. 89, 64, 221 n. 483

Philolaos, 319, 320 sqq.

Philosophy as κάθαρσις, 89; Pythagorean use of the word, 89 sqq., 194, 321 n. 739, 359; synonymous with asceticism, 18

Phleious, 89 n. 178, 94 n. 191, 109 n. 229, 320

Phoenician influence, 18, 19 n. 27, 39

Physiology, Parmenides, 221 sq.; Alkmaion, 223; Empedokles, 282; Diogenes of Apollonia, 411

Pindar, 232

Planets, names of, 26 n. 40, 220; distinguished from fixed stars, 26, 82, 276, 392, 401; motion of, 122 sq., 225, 350, 353; system of, 344 sq.

Plants, Empedokles, 277 sq.; Anaxagoras, 315 sq.

Plato, App. § 1; on Egyptians and Phoenicians, 17, 20, 27 n. 41; on Egyptian arithmetic, 22; 435on schools of philosophy, 35; on Pythagoras, 96 n. 202; on Xenophanes, 140; on Herakleitos, 140, 159, 162, 176, 178; on Herakleiteans, 161 n. 373, 188 n. 418; on Parmenides, 192, 207, 221; on Empedokles, 159, 178, 269 n. 593; on Anaxagoras, 291 n. 655, 295, 297 sq., 309; on Philolaos, 319; on Pythagoreans, 121, 124; on incommensurables, 117 n. 245; on Zeno, 192, 358, 360, 361; on Melissos, 379 n. 919; Phaedo, 89 n. 178, 91 n. 183, 108 n. 228, 109 n. 229, 172 n. 391,182 n. 411, 320 sq., 342, 343, 345, 354; Cratylus, 417 n. 1027; Theaetetus, 117 n. 245, 263 n. 580, 338 n. 794, 417 n. 1027; Sophist, 356 n. 849, 358 n. 853; Politicus, 280 n. 621; Parmenides, 358 n. 852, 359, 360 sq.; Philebus, 323; Symposium, 221, 281 n. 625; Phaedrus, 295; Gorgias, 321; Meno, 234 n. 524; Republic, 25 n. 39, 90 n. 181, 177 n. 400, 216, 219 sq., 352; Timaeus, 61 n. 115, 79 n. 154, 113 n. 237, 118 n. 248, 121, 122, 225, 287, 340, 342, 345 n. 818, 346, 352, 396; Laws, 107 n. 227, 117 n. 246, 353

Pleasure and pain, Empedokles, 285; Anaxagoras, 317