The Ādi Granth, or the Holy Scriptures of the Sikhs (1877) · 62

' \y\ 0 is here the Ablative, by tv/iich. Jlf'llTW^'HT (dim.) may be Sing, or Phir.

^ The si.v religious (and philosophical) systems of the Hindus are: (1) Vedanta, (2) Sankhya, (3) Yoga, (4) Mimansa, (5) Nyaya, (6) Vaisesika.

' ^TT is the dress worn by the devotees (or faqirs) of the ditferent sects. * ti\n\ is an endearing address to a junior (even to a girl). I^TTIKT) a twentieth part of time; \iH\ corresponds more to our minute. The Vlf^ (^fz^) has only twenty-four minutes. The whole day and night is divided into eight watches (VCTH', Sausk. H^<^), each consisting of three hours (or about eight gharis).

M= Sansk.?T?I, made of, consisting of (elsewhere written V(f^).

n\ Id JT (Sansk. '^I t,|f^^), a religious ceremony. A platter (qiivi) containing lamps (^VWo?), incense (^V) and flowers (and, as it seems, even pearls) is moved circularly round the head of the image, accompanied with the heating of the kettle-drum (and with ringing of bells).

*>< AvJi I tiy^, an unbeaten sound, i.e. a sound not produced by heating, an expression which will he frequently met with iu the Granth, and which has reference to the practice of the Jog, as win I)e explained in its proper place. Tlie explanation of the Sikhs, that JH7?<33T means " endless," is wrong and a mere guess.

(3). In all (creatm-es) is light, he is the light. From his light, light is made in all.

By the testimony of the Guru the light becomes manifest. What is pleasing to him, that becomes an Aril (illumination).

(4). (My) mind is longing after the nectar of the lotus of the foot of Hari, daily I am thirsting after it.

Give water of mercy to the deer Nanak, by which dwelling may be made in thy name.'

(1). With lust and wrath the town is much filled; a Sadhu having come breaks (them) to pieces.' The Guru being obtained by an original decree (of God) causes in the heart devotion to Hari to be excited in the country.^

Make to the Sadhu joining of hands,' it is a great religious merit.

Make (to him) prostration,^ it is a great religious merit.

(2). By the Sakats^ the relish of the enjoyment of Hari is not known; in their heart is the thorn of selfishness.

As, as they walk, they are pierced, they are pained, they suffer death, on their head is punishment.

(3). The people of Hari are absorbed in the name of Hari, Hari; the pain of birth and the fear of death are broken.

The eternal Supreme Being, the Lord is obtained (by them), great is their splendour in the world and universe.

(4). We poor and wretched, 0 Lord! are thine; 0 Havi! protect, protect us! thou art very great.

To humble Nanak the name is support and defence; even in the name of Hari is the pith of comfort.

(1). I make supplications, hear, 0 my friend! it is (here) the time to render service to the saints. Here (in this world) having obtained the gain of Hari, depart! in the world to come (further on) thy dwelling (will be) easy.

' The words must be thus separated: nfff tTT 3'> ^tc, by which (water of mercy) I may dwell in thy name.

' tf3?5 trSTvT, he causes (them, i.e. '^'\'^ oTSM) to be broken to pieces.

^ Wife vlfS f?5^ ^1375 31310, the construction of these words is difficult; the subject is the Guru, who causes to be excited (Jl^^= J^^ftr or J13T§) f^^ *rfe devotion in the heart ( = hearty devotion) ill the country (*(aw must be taken as Locative).

* >>rTT^5T (Sansk. '^^f^), joining the palms of the bands aud lifting them up to the forehead in token of reverential Sidutatiou.

33G?> s-f- prostration, in which the hands are placed on the ground and the breast brought almost in contact with the earth (Sansk. H'TS^'^rT TtTin'T)-

♦110^3 (Sausk. '5]7'3i), the designation of a sect, who worship the female principle according to the ritual of the Tantras. There are two chief divisions of them, DaMhidcurl and Vamacari, or right and left hand ritnalists. The worship of the first is public, addressed to the goddesses, especially to forms of DurgS, as Bluwiinl and Parvati. The worship of the latter, addressed to Tantrika imiiersonations of Dtirga, as Devi, Kali, Si/dmd, or a woman representing the ^f^i, is private and said to be celebrated witli impure practices.

The (fixed) limit of days and nights decreases, 0! 0 heart! by joining the Guru thy business is adjusted.

(2). This world is in the abnormal state of doubt; he who knows Brahm is saved.

Whom he having awakened makes drink this juice, by him the inexpressible story is known.

(3). For which (object) you are come, that buy ye; the indwelling of Hari in the heart is by means of the Guru.