II. ANAXIMANDROS.

Anaximandros of Miletos was a companion or pupil of Thales. According to Apollodoros he was born in the second or third year of the forty-second Olympiad (611-610 B.C.). Of his life little is known; Zeller infers from the statement of Aelian (V. H. iii. 17) to the effect that he led the Milesian colony into Apollonia, that he was a man of influence in Miletos. He was a student of geography and astronomy; and various inventions, such as the sundial, are attributed to him. His book, which was referred to as the first philosophical treatise in Greece, may not have received the title ‘περὶ φύσεως’ until after his death. It soon became rare, and Simplicius does not seem to have had access to it.

Literature: Schleiermacher, Abh. d. Berl. Akad. 1815; Op. Phil. ii. 171; Krische, Forschungen, pp. 42-52; Teichmüller, Studien, pp. 1-70, 545-588; Büsgen, Das ἄπειρον Anax. Wiesbaden 1867; Lütze, Das ἄπειρον Anax. Leipz. 1878; J. Neuhauser, De Anax. Miles. Bonn 1879, and in more complete form, Bonn 1883; Tannery, Rev. Phil. v. (1882); Natorp, Phil. Monatshefte, 1884; Tannery, Archiv f. d. Gesch. d. Philos. viii. 443 ff.; Diels, ibid. x. (1897) 228 ff.